Cited by 111Malaria Research and ControlMosquito-borne diseases and controlDengue and Mosquito Control Research

Increased malaria transmission around irrigation schemes in Ethiopia and the potential of canal water management for malaria vector control

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Kibret, Solomon, Wilson, G Glenn, Tekie, Habte, Petros, Beyene·2014·Malaria Journal

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Irrigation schemes have been blamed for the increase in malaria in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. However, proper water management could help mitigate malaria around irrigation schemes in this region. This study investigates the link between irrigation and malaria in Central Ethiopia. METHODS: Larval and adult mosquitoes were collected fortnightly between November 2009 and October 2010 from two irrigated and two non-irrigated (control) villages in the Ziway area, Central Ethiopia. Daily canal water releases were recorded during the study period and bi-weekly correlation analysis was done to determine relationships between canal water releases and larval/adult vector densities. Blood meal sources (bovine vs human) and malaria sporozoite infection were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Monthly malaria data were also collected from central health centre of the study villages. RESULTS: Monthly malaria incidence was over six-fold higher in the irrigated villages than the non-irrigated villages. The number of anopheline breeding habitats was 3.6 times higher in the irrigated villages than the non-irrigated villages and the most common Anopheles mosquito breeding habitats were waterlogged field puddles, leakage pools from irrigation canals and poorly functioning irrigation canals. Larval and adult anopheline densities were seven- and nine-fold higher in the irrigated villages than in the non-irrigated villages, respectively, during the study period. Anopheles arabiensis was the predominant species in the study area. Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite rates of An. arabiensis and Anopheles pharoensis were significantly higher in the irrigated villages than the non-irrigated villages. The annual entomological inoculation rate (EIR) calculated for the irrigated and non-irrigated villages were 34.8 and 0.25 P. falciparum infective bites per person per year, respectively. A strong positive correlation was found between bi-weekly anopheline larval density and canal water releases. Similarly, there was a strong positive correlation between bi-weekly vector density and canal water releases lagged by two weeks. Furthermore, monthly malaria incidence was strongly correlated with monthly vector density lagged by a month in the irrigated villages. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that the irrigation schemes resulted in intensified malaria transmission due to poor canal water management. Proper canal water management could reduce vector abundance and malaria transmission in the irrigated villages.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [19]Alemu Y Irrigation and socio-economic factors related to malaria transmission in Zeway, Eastern Oromia Zone MSc Thesis 2007 Ethiopia Addis Ababa University, Department of Biology
  2. [39]Muturi EJ Shililu J Jacob B Gu W Githure J Novak R Mosquito species diversity and abundance in relation to land use in a riceland agroecosystem in Mwea, Kenya J Vector Ecol 2006 1 129 137 10.3376/1081-1710(2006)31[129:MSDAAI]2.0.CO;2 16859101 · DOI

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Authors
Kibret, S., Wilson, G. G., Tekie, H., & Petros, B.
Affiliations
  • University of New England (AU)
  • Addis Ababa University (ET)
Corresponding author
Kibret, Solomon
Venue
Malaria Journal
Published
2014-09-13
Volume
13
Issue
1
Pages
360-360
ISSN
1475-2875 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2106862040
Cited by
111
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4
FWCI
6.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Malaria Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Addis Ababa University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Mosquito-borne diseases and control
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
Keywords
malaria transmission, irrigation projects, malaria vector control, Anopheles arabiensis, Anopheles pharoensis, Plasmodium falciparum, sporozoite infection, entomological inoculation rate, blood meal sources, Central Ethiopia
MeSH terms
Animals, Ethiopia, Humans, Insect Vectors, Larva, Malaria, Mosquito Control, Culicidae, Retrospective Studies, Water, Incidence, Agricultural Irrigation

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