Cited by 178Coffee research and impactsGenetics and Physical PerformancePharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism

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The influence of a CYP1A2 polymorphism on the ergogenic effects of caffeine

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Womack, Christopher J, Saunders, Michael J, Bechtel, Marta K, Bolton, David J, Martin, Michael, Luden, Nicholas D, Dunham, Wade, Hancock, Melyssa·2012·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

DOI 10.1186/1550-2783-9-7PMC PMC3334681

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although caffeine supplementation improves performance, the ergogenic effect is variable. The cause(s) of this variability are unknown. A (C/A) single nucleotide polymorphism at intron 1 of the cytochrome P450 (CYP1A2) gene influences caffeine metabolism and clinical outcomes from caffeine ingestion. The purpose of this study was to determine if this polymorphism influences the ergogenic effect of caffeine supplementation. METHODS: Thirty-five trained male cyclists (age = 25.0 ± 7.3 yrs, height = 178.2 ± 8.8 cm, weight = 74.3 ± 8.8 kg, VO2max = 59.35 ± 9.72 ml·kg-1·min-1) participated in two computer-simulated 40-kilometer time trials on a cycle ergometer. Each test was performed one hour following ingestion of 6 mg·kg-1 of anhydrous caffeine or a placebo administered in double-blind fashion. DNA was obtained from whole blood samples and genotyped using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction. Participants were classified as AA homozygotes (N = 16) or C allele carriers (N = 19). The effects of treatment (caffeine, placebo) and the treatment × genotype interaction were assessed using Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance. RESULTS: Caffeine supplementation reduced 40 kilometer time by a greater (p < 0.05) magnitude in AA homozygotes (4.9%; caffeine = 72.4 ± 4.2 min, placebo = 76.1 ± 5.8 min) as compared to C allele carriers (1.8%; caffeine = 70.9 ± 4.3 min, placebo = 72.2 ± 4.2 min). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that individuals homozygous for the A allele of this polymorphism may have a larger ergogenic effect following caffeine ingestion.

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Figure 1 Average (mean ± SE) 40 kilometer time for the caffeine and placebo treatments for both groups. *-Significantly (p < 0.05) larger decrease in 40 K time than the C allele carriers.CC BY · PubMed Central

Figure 2 40-km time in both the placebo condition (y-axis) and the caffeinated condition (x-axis) for both AA homozygotes and C allele carriers. The line of identity is plotted and reflects no difference between the two trials. Data points above the line of identity reflect an improved 40-km time in the caffeinated condition.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Functional significance of a C–>A polymorphism in intron 1 of the cytochrome P450 CYP1A2 gene tested with caffeine
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Authors: Womack, C. J., Saunders, M. J., Bechtel, M. K., Bolton, D. J., Martin, M., Luden, N. D., Dunham, W., & Hancock, M.
Affiliations: James Madison University (US)
Corresponding author: Womack, Christopher J
ORCID: Luden, Nicholas D
Venue: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2012-02-06
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 7-7
ISSN: 1550-2783 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-9-7
PMC: PMC3334681
OpenAlex: W2130611622
Cited by: 178
References: 17
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 5.18
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: correction (2022-04-01)
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 (vor)
Locations: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: James Madison University
University of Toronto
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Coffee research and impacts
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Physical Performance
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Keywords: caffeine, CYP1A2, single nucleotide polymorphisms, caffeine metabolism, ergogenic aids, genetic variation, time trial performance, cyclists, genotype × treatment interaction, caffeine supplementation

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The influence of a CYP1A2 polymorphism on the ergogenic effects of caffeine

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