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Microglial-produced nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen oxides mediate neuronal cell death

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The suitability of BV2 cells as alternative model system for primary microglia cultures or for animal experiments examining brain inflammation.

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Production of superoxide anions by a CNS macrophage, the microglia

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Interleukin-1 Mediates Pathological Effects of Microglia on Tau Phosphorylation and on Synaptophysin Synthesis in Cortical Neurons through a p38-MAPK Pathway

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Microglial Phagocytosis Induced by Fibrillar β-Amyloid and IgGs Are Differentially Regulated by Proinflammatory Cytokines

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Edaravone dexborneol promotes M2 microglia polarization against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via suppressing TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway

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Hypoxia Antagonizes Glucose Deprivation on Interleukin 6 Expression in an Akt Dependent, but HIF-1/2α Independent Manner

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Yokukansan Reduces Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination in the Corpus Callosum Through Anti-inflammatory Effects on Microglia

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CB2 Receptors and Neuron–Glia Interactions Modulate Neurotoxicity Generated by MAGL Inhibition

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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Wasp Venom in BV-2 Microglial Cells in Comparison with Bee Venom

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Chronic stress induced disturbances in Laminin: A significant contributor to modulating microglial pro-inflammatory tone?

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Hormesis of methylmercury-human serum albumin conjugate on N9 microglia via ERK/MAPKs and STAT3 signaling pathways

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A comprehensive review: neuroinflammation and immune communication between the central nervous system and the periphery

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Bilirubin induces microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro and in vivo

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Exploring Novel GSK-3β Inhibitors for Anti-Neuroinflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects: Synthesis, Crystallography, Computational Analysis, and Biological Evaluation

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Functional consequences of a close encounter between microglia and brain-infiltrating monocytes during CNS pathology and repair

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Deconstructing Alzheimer’s Disease: How to Bridge the Gap between Experimental Models and the Human Pathology?

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Advanced in vitro systems for efficacy and toxicity testing in nanomedicine

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Research models to study lewy body dementia

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Models and approaches to comprehend and address glial inflammation following spinal cord injury

Patil, V., Bohara, R. A., Kanala, V. K., McMahon, S. S., & Pandit, A. S. (2023) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103722 · Cited by 16

Complement receptor 4 mediates the clearance of extracellular tau fibrils by microglia

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Novel Microglia Cell Line Expressing the Human EP2 Receptor

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Study on the relationships between molecular weights of chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharides and Aβ-induced oxidative stress and the related mechanisms

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Impact of ambient temperature on inflammation-induced encephalopathy in endotoxemic mice—role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma

Lang, G.-P., Ndongson‐Dongmo, B., Lajqi, T., Brodhun, M., Han, Y., Wetzker, R., Frasch, M. G., & Bauer, R. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01954-7 · Cited by 15

Chemical Analysis of the Ingredients of 20% Aqueous Ethanol Extract of Nardostachys jatamansi through Phytochemical Study and Evaluation of Anti-Neuroinflammatory Component

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Neuronal Regulation of Neuroprotective Microglial Apolipoprotein E Secretion in Rat In Vitro Models of Brain Pathophysiology

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Hormones and immunity in cancer: are thyroid hormones endocrine players in the microglia/glioma cross-talk?

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Multitasking Microglia and Alzheimer’s Disease: Diversity, Tools and Therapeutic Targets

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Unique Features of the Immune Response in BTBR Mice

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CMPK2 promotes microglial activation through the cGAS-STING pathway in the neuroinflammatory mechanism

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Differential regulation of NSC phenotype and genotype by chronically activated microglia within cocultures

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Lithium-induced neuroprotective activity in neuronal and microglial cells: A purinergic perspective

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The Neuroglial Dialog Between Cannabinoids and Hemichannels

Labra, V. C., Santibáñez, C. A., Gajardo‐Gómez, R., Díaz, E. F., Gómez, G. I., & Orellana, J. A. (2018) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00079 · Cited by 13

Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Facilitates Oligomeric Amyloid-β Peptide Association with Microglia via Regulation of Membrane-Cytoskeleton Connectivity

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Bioorthogonal microglia-inspired mesenchymal stem cell bioengineering system creates livable niches for enhancing ischemic stroke recovery via the hormesis

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Magnetically Controllable and Degradable Milliscale Swimmers as Intraocular Drug Implants

Yıldız, E., Bozuyuk, U., Yildiz, E., Wang, F., Han, M., Karacakol, A. C., Sheehan, D., Yu, Y., & Sitti, M. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202507569 · Cited by 12

Inflammatory interactions between degenerated intervertebral discs and microglia: Implication of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate signaling

Navone, S. E., Campanella, R., Guarnaccia, L., Ouellet, J. A., Locatelli, M., Cordiglieri, C., Gualtierotti, R., Gaudino, C., Appiani, G. C., Luzzi, S., et al. (2020) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1002/jor.24827 · Cited by 12

Evidence of a non-apoptotic mode of cell death in microglial BV-2 cells exposed to different concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles

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Pivotal role of the protein corona in the cell uptake of fluorinated nanoparticles with increased sensitivity for 19 F-MR imaging

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Pifithrin‐μ modulates microglial activation and promotes histological recovery following spinal cord injury

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MiR-146b-5p/TRAF6 axis is essential for Ginkgo biloba L. extract GBE to attenuate LPS-induced neuroinflammation

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Phenotypic screening of novel probiotics with potential anti-neuroinflammation activity based on cell and zebrafish models

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Glycyrrhiza uralensis flavonoids inhibit brain microglial cell TNF-α secretion, p-IκB expression, and increase brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) secretion

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1-O-alkyl glycerophosphate-induced CD36 expression drives oxidative stress in microglial cells

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RNAseq profiling of primary microglia and astrocyte cultures in near-term ovine fetus: A glial in vivo-in vitro multi-hit paradigm in large mammalian brain

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Direct binding of Toll-like receptor 4 to ionotropic glutamate receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate subunit 1 induced by lipopolysaccharide in microglial cells N9 and EOC 20

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In Vitro and In Vivo Animal Models

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Biomimetic sulfated polyethylene glycol hydrogel inhibits proteoglycan loss and tumor necrosis factor‐α‐induced expression pattern in an osteoarthritis in vitro model

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Activation of Macrophages by Oligomeric Proteins of Different Size and Origin

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Elevated ATP, cytokines and potential microglial inflammation distinguish exfoliation glaucoma from exfoliation syndrome

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Adjudin - A Male Contraceptive with Other Biological Activities

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Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) elicits concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory effects on microglial cells which are reversible by blocking its monocarboxylate (MCT) importer

Garcia, C., Banerjee, A., Montgomery, C. B., Adcock, L., Maezawa, I., Ramsey, J. J., Grodzki, A. C., Kim, K., & Cortopassi, G. A. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging · doi:10.3389/fragi.2025.1628835 · Cited by 10

Activated protein C in epilepsy pathophysiology

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Absence of cytotoxicity towards microglia of iron oxide (α-Fe2O3) nanorhombohedra

Lewis, C. S., Torres, L., Miyauchi, J. T., Rastegar, C. T., Patete, J. M., Smith, J. M., Wong, S. S., & Tsirka, S. E. (2016) · Toxicology Research · doi:10.1039/c5tx00421g · Cited by 10

Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane protein A could induce chemokine production in murine microglia cell line BV2

Zhao, H., Liu, A., Cui, Y., Zhang, L., Li, B., & Bao, F. (2017) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2017.08.036 · Cited by 10

Phytochemical screening and evaluation of neuroprotective, anti-mutagenic and anti-genotoxic effects of Turkish endemic Glaucium acutidentatum

Hamamcioglu, B., Koçancı, F. G., & Aslım, B. (2018) · South African Journal of Botany · doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2018.05.027 · Cited by 10

Sesamin suppresses advanced glycation end products induced microglial reactivity using BV2 microglial cell line as a model

Udomruk, S., Wudtiwai, B., Shwe, T. H., Phitak, T., Pothacharoen, P., Phimphilai, M., & Kongtawelert, P. (2021) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.04.012 · Cited by 10

Interleukin-37 modulates microglial phenotype and inhibits inflammatory response via the MyD88/NF-κB pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation

Zhang, J., Hayat, M. A., Si, Y., Guo, T., Ni, Y., Wang, Q., Hong, Y., Cao, Y., He, S., Weng, Z., et al. (2025) · Inflammation Research · doi:10.1007/s00011-025-02048-x · Cited by 9

Spi1 aggravates neuropathic pain by modulating Clec7a-mediated neuroinflammation and microglial phagocytosis

Xu, Y., Liu, X., Chen, H., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Y., Xie, Y., Pang, J., Zeng, H., Zeng, Y., Peng, W., et al. (2025) · The Journal of Headache and Pain · doi:10.1186/s10194-025-02089-x · Cited by 9

Lipophilic Bioactive Compounds Transported in Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins Modulate Microglial Inflammatory Response

Espinosa-Cabello, J. M., Castellano, J. M., Garcia-Rodriguez, S., Quintero‐Flórez, A., Carrasquilla, N., & Perona, J. S. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23147706 · Cited by 9

The microglial endocannabinoid system is similarly regulated by lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma

Young, A. P., & Denovan‐Wright, E. M. (2022) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577971 · Cited by 9

Tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein 8-like-2 controls microglia phenotype via metabolic reprogramming in BV2 microglial cells and responses to neuropathic pain

Li, Y., Cui, Y., Jiang, J., Yang, H., Zhang, F., Xing, Y., Wang, W., & Lu, C. (2024) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106541 · Cited by 9

Quantification of the immunometabolite protein modifications S-2-succinocysteine and 2,3-dicarboxypropylcysteine

Cox, J. H., McCain, R. S., Tran, E., Swaminathan, S., Smith, H. H., Piroli, G. G., Shtutman, M. S., Walla, M. D., Cotham, W. E., & Frizzell, N. (2024) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00354.2023 · Cited by 9

β2-adrenoceptor agonist formoterol attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in microglia through enhancing IκBα/NF-κB inhibition, SQSTM1/p62-dependent selective autophagy and ESCRT-III-mediated plasma membrane repair

Erdem, M., Erdem, Ş., Alver, A., Kıran, T. R., & Karahan, S. C. (2024) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2024.103956 · Cited by 9

A Novel Highly Sensitive Method for Measuring Inflammatory Neural-Derived APC Activity in Glial Cell Lines, Mouse Brain and Human CSF

Golderman, V., Gofrit, S. G., Maggio, N., Gera, O., Gerasimov, A., Laks, D., Chapman, J., & Stein, E. S. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21072422 · Cited by 9

The effect of morphine on rat microglial phagocytic activity: An in vitro study of brain region-, plating density-, sex-, morphine concentration-, and receptor-dependency

King’uyu, D. N., Nti-Kyemereh, L., Bonin, J. L., Feustel, P. J., Tram, M., MacNamara, K. C., & Kopec, A. M. (2023) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578204 · Cited by 10

Proteomic analysis of the effect of the polyphenol pentagalloyl glucose on proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases in activated BV‑2 microglial cells

Mendonca, P., Taka, E., & Soliman, K. (2019) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2019.10400 · Cited by 1

Commentary: Neuroinflammatory In Vitro Cell Culture Models and the Potential Applications for Neurological Disorders

Wang, Y., Peng, Y., & Yan, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.792614 · Cited by 9

Antimicrobial responses of peripheral and central nervous system glia against Staphylococcus aureus

Choudhury, I. N., Chacko, A., Delbaz, A., Chen, M., Basu, S., John, J. A. S., Huygens, F., & Ekberg, J. A. K. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-90252-0 · Cited by 8

Quantitative morphometric and cell-type-specific population analysis of microglia-enriched cultures subcloned to high purity from newborn rat brains

Dulka, K., Nacsa, K., Lajkó, N., & Gulya, K. (2021) · IBRO Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ibneur.2021.01.007 · Cited by 8

Neuroprotection of isoorientin against microglia activation induced by lipopolysaccharide via regulating GSK3β, NF-κb and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways

Tan, X., Cao, M., Zhao, Y., Yi, L., Li, Y., He, C., Li, Q. X., & Dong, Y. (2024) · Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology · doi:10.1080/08923973.2024.2399249 · Cited by 7

Coordination acid-engineered Prussian Blue affects glycometabolic reprogramming in microglia for epileptic treatment

Zhao, Y., Chen, F., Chen, C., Yang, Y., Wang, L., Zhu, J., Wang, X., Liu, Y., & Ding, J. (2025) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-025-03408-9 · Cited by 7

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor mimetic 7,8-dihydroxyflavone mitigates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis and enhances the negative regulatory pathways of pyroptosis in microglia

Erdem, M., Erdem, Ş., Karahan, S. C., Alver, A., Karabulut, S., & Yıldız, G. (2025) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2025.578684 · Cited by 7

Prolonged Systemic Inflammation Alters Muscarinic Long-Term Potentiation (mLTP) in the Hippocampus

Stein, E. S., Dori, A., Shimon, M. B., Gofrit, S. G., & Maggio, N. (2021) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2021/8813734 · Cited by 7

Extracellular Hsp90α stimulates a unique innate gene profile in microglial cells with simultaneous activation of Nrf2 and protection from oxidative stress

Okusha, Y., Lang, B. J., Murshid, A., Borges, T. J., Holton, K. M., Clark, J., Doshi, S., Ikezu, T., & Calderwood, S. K. (2022) · Cell Stress and Chaperones · doi:10.1007/s12192-022-01279-9 · Cited by 7

Furthering the state of knowledge on the electric properties of hemi-ellipsoidal single cells and cell patches on electrodes

Stubbe, M., & Gimsa, J. (2018) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.042 · Cited by 7

Concomitant Isolation of Primary Astrocytes and Microglia for Protozoa Parasite Infection

Pacheco, A. D. O. L., Amaral, M. P., de Farias, I. S., Bottino, L. Z. M. F., & Bortoluci, K. R. (2020) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/60680 · Cited by 7

High Rosmarinic Acid Content Melissa officinalis L. Phytocomplex Modulates Microglia Neuroinflammation Induced by High Glucose

Videtta, G., Sasia, C., & Galeotti, N. (2025) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox14020161 · Cited by 6

Sweet orange essential oil and (+)-limonene prevent oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, and apoptosis in differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma/BV-2 microglia co-culture neurodegeneration models

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