The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Increased blood-cerebrospinal fluid transfer of albumin in advanced Parkinson’s disease
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Alterations in blood-brain barrier permeability have been proposed to represent a relevant factor contributing to Parkinson's disease progression. However, few studies have addressed this issue in patients at different stages of disease. METHODS: Albumin was measured in cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples obtained from 73 non-demented subjects with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and 47 age-matched control subjects. The albumin ratio (AR) was calculated to assess blood-cerebrospinal fluid and blood-brain barrier function. The group of patients with Parkinson's disease included 46 subjects with Hoehn-Yahr staging between 1 and 2 and 27, with a score ranging from 2.5 to 4. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences in albumin ratio were found between patients with advanced disease, and both early-stage and unaffected groups. Conversely, early-phase patients did not differ from healthy subjects. Additionally, dopaminergic treatment seems to exert a possible effect on AR values. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that possible dysfunction of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, blood-brain barrier, or both, characterize Parkinson's disease progression. The associations between clinical scores, treatments and biochemical findings suggest a progressive impairment of barrier integrity during the course of the disease.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures

Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“These biomarkers are further altered as patients progress into more advanced PD stages with dementia (288, 474).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [474]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
McGeer, P. L., Itagaki, S., Boyes, B. E., & McGeer, E. G. (1988) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.38.8.1285 · Cited by 2,990
Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease: A target for neuroprotection?
Hirsch, E. C., & Hunot, S. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70062-6 · Cited by 1,984
Merritt, H. H., FREMONT-SMITH, F., & Ayer, J. B. (1938) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1097/00000441-193804000-00024 · Cited by 880
A consensus protocol for the standardization of cerebrospinal fluid collection and biobanking
Teunissen, C. E., Petzold, A., Bennett, J. L., Berven, F. S., Brundin, L., Comabella, M., Franciotta, D., Frederiksen, J. L., Fleming, J. O., Furlan, R., et al. (2009) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181c47cc2 · Cited by 845
Self-citationBlood–brain barrier dysfunction in parkinsonian midbrain in vivo
Kortekaas, R., Leenders, K. L., van Oostrom, J. C. H., Vaalburg, W., Bart, J., Willemsen, A. T. M., & Hendrikse, N. H. (2005) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20369 · Cited by 733
The Blood-Brain Barrier in Brain Homeostasis and Neurological Diseases
Weiss, N., Miller, F., Cazaubon, S., & Couraud, P.-O. (2009) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.10.022 · Cited by 731
Red Blood Cells Are the Major Source of Alpha-Synuclein in Blood
Barbour, R., Kling, K., Anderson, J. P., Banducci, K., Cole, T. A., Diep, L., Fox, M., Goldstein, J. M., Soriano, F., Seubert, P. A., et al. (2008) · Neurodegenerative Diseases · doi:10.1159/000112832 · Cited by 548
Dynamics of brain-derived proteins in cerebrospinal fluid
Reiber, H. (2001) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0009-8981(01)00573-3 · Cited by 512
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE LEWY BODY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF IDIOPATHIC PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Gibb, W. R. G., & Lees, A. J. (1989) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.1989.tb01147.x · Cited by 325
The natural history of treated Parkinson's disease in an incident, community based cohort
Evans, J., Mason, S., Williams‐Gray, C. H., Foltynie, T., Brayne, C., Robbins, T. W., & Barker, R. (2011) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2011.240366 · Cited by 235
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Blood–brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders
Sweeney, M. D., Sagare, A. P., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2018) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.188 · Cited by 3,076
The Neurovascular Unit Coming of Age: A Journey through Neurovascular Coupling in Health and Disease
Iadecola, C. (2017) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.07.030 · Cited by 2,480
Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back
Sweeney, M. D., Zhao, Z., Montagne, A., Nelson, A. R., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00050.2017 · Cited by 2,312
Saraiva, C., Praça, C., Ferreira, R., Santos, T., Ferreira, L., & Bernardino, L. (2016) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.044 · Cited by 1,609
Nanomaterial-based blood-brain-barrier (BBB) crossing strategies
Xie, J., Shen, Z., Anraku, Y., Kataoka, K., & Chen, X. (2019) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119491 · Cited by 604
Metadata
- Authors
- Pisani, V., Stefani, A., Pierantozzi, M., Natoli, S., Stanzione, P., Franciotta, D., & Pisani, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT)
- Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale Casimiro Mondino (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Pisani, Antonio
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroinflammation
- Published
- 2012-08-08
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 188-188
- ISSN
- 1742-2094 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3441323
- OpenAlex
- W2155862034
- Cited by
- 158
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 5.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroinflammation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Istituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione Contro Gli Infortuni sul Lavoro
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, blood-brain barrier permeability, blood-CSF barrier, albumin ratio, cerebrospinal fluid albumin, disease progression, Hoehn-Yahr staging, dopaminergic therapy, barrier dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Albumins, Blood-Brain Barrier, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parkinson Disease, Severity of Illness Index, Cohort Studies, Biomarkers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review