A key role for an impaired detoxification mechanism in the etiology and severity of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a syndrome with a number of etiologies and different mechanisms that lead to abnormal development. The identification of autism biomarkers in patients with different degrees of clinical presentation (i.e., mild, moderate and severe) will give greater insight into the pathogenesis of this disease and will enable effective early diagnostic strategies and treatments for this disorder. METHODS: In this study, the concentration of two toxic heavy metals, lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg), were measured in red blood cells, while glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and vitamin E, as enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, respectively, were measured in the plasma of subgroups of autistic patients with different Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores. The results were compared to age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: The obtained data showed that the patients with autism spectrum disorder had significantly higher Pb and Hg levels and lower GST activity and vitamin E concentrations compared with the controls. The levels of heavy metals (Hg and Pb), GST and vitamin E were correlated with the severity of the social and cognitive impairment measures (SRS and CARS). Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis and predictiveness curves indicated that the four parameters show satisfactory sensitivity, very high specificity and excellent predictiveness. Multiple regression analyses confirmed that higher levels of Hg and Pb, together with lower levels of GST and vitamin E, can be used to predict social and cognitive impairment in patients with autism spectrum disorders. CONCLUSION: This study confirms earlier studies that implicate toxic metal accumulation as a consequence of impaired detoxification in autism and provides insight into the etiological mechanism of autism.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Exposure to heavy metals and impaired detoxification system have been involved in the aetiology of ASD in a subset of individuals.
“Exposure to heavy metals and impaired detoxification system, another abnormality in a subset of individuals with ASD, have also been involved in the aeitiology of ASD [157].”
From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [157]
Alabdali et al. (2014) reported autistic children having lower levels of glutathione-transferase and vitamin E in plasma than healthy controls.
“Alabdali et al. (2014) reported autistic children having higher levels of mercury and lead than healthy controls, and lower levels of glutathione-transferase and vitamin E in plasma [157].”
From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [157]
Alabdali et al. (2014) reported autistic children having higher levels of mercury and lead than healthy controls.
“Alabdali et al. (2014) reported autistic children having higher levels of mercury and lead than healthy controls, and lower levels of glutathione-transferase and vitamin E in plasma [157].”
From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [157]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR)
American Psychiatric Association (2000) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890423349 · Cited by 11,069 · see citing works
Developmental neurotoxicity of industrial chemicals
Grandjean, P., & Landrigan, P. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69665-7 · Cited by 1,984 · see citing works
Constantino, J. N. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_296 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
Schopler, E., Reichler, R. J., DeVellis, R. F., & Daly, K. (1980) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t49458-000 · Cited by 859 · see citing works
Prenatal stress, glucocorticoids and the programming of adult disease
Cottrell, E. C. (2009) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/neuro.08.019.2009 · Cited by 640 · see citing works
Proteome-based plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease
Hye, A., Lynham, S., Thambisetty, M., Čaušević, M., Campbell, J., Byers, H. L., Hooper, C., Rijsdijk, F. V., Tabrizi, S. J., Banner, S. J., et al. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl279 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Decreased Brain Volume in Adults with Childhood Lead Exposure
Cecil, K. M., Brubaker, C. J., Adler, C. M., Dietrich, K. N., Altaye, M., Egelhoff, J. C., Wessel, S., Elangovan, I., Hornung, R., Jarvis, K., et al. (2008) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050112 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Adams, J. B., Audhya, T., McDonough-Means, S., Rubin, R. A., Quig, D., Geis, E., Gehn, E., Loresto, M., Mitchell, J., Atwood, S., et al. (2011) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/1743-7075-8-34 · Cited by 442 · see citing works
Review: Glutamate and dopamine dysregulation in schizophrenia — a synthesis and selective review
Stone, J., Morrison, P., & Pilowsky, L. (2007) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881106073126 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Molecular mechanism of α-tocopherol action
Azzi, A. (2007) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.03.013 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Non-Antioxidant Activities of Vitamin E
Zingg, J.-M. A., & Azzi, A. (2004) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0929867043365332 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
How Lead Exposure Relates to Temporal Changes in IQ, Violent Crime, and Unwed Pregnancy
Nevin, R. (2000) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1006/enrs.1999.4045 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Magos, L. (1971) · The Analyst · doi:10.1039/an9719600847 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Neuropsychological function in children with blood lead levels <10μg/dL
Surkan, P. J., Zhang, A., Trachtenberg, F. L., DANIEL, D., McKinlay, S. M., & Bellinger, D. C. (2007) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2007.07.007 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Tocopherols and tocotrienols in membranes: A critical review
Atkinson, J., Epand, R. F., & Epand, R. M. (2007) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.11.010 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Measurement of vitamin A and vitamin E in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography
Driskell, W. J., Neese, J. W., Bryant, C. C., & Bashor, M. M. (1982) · Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications · doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(00)81869-1 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Herndon, A. C., DiGuiseppi, C., Johnson, S. L., Leiferman, J., & Reynolds, A. (2009) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-008-0606-2 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Metabolic biomarkers related to oxidative stress and antioxidant status in Saudi autistic children
Al-Gadani, Y., El-Ansary, A. K., Al-Attas, O., & AL-Ayadhi, L. Y. (2009) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.03.011 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Self-citationMazumdar, M., Bellinger, D. C., Gregas, M. C., Abanilla, K., Bacic, J. D., & Needleman, H. L. (2011) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/1476-069x-10-24 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Nigg, J. T., Nikolas, M. A., Knottnerus, G. M., CAVANAGH, K. T., & Friderici, K. H. (2009) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02135.x · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Miller, D. T., Paschal, D. C., Gunter, E. W., Stroud, P. E., & D'Angelo, J. (1987) · The Analyst · doi:10.1039/an9871201701 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Parsons, P. J., & Slavin, W. (1993) · Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy · doi:10.1016/0584-8547(93)80094-b · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Serotonin and dopamine transporter binding in children with autism determined by SPECT
Makkonen, I., Riikonen, R., Kokki, H., Airaksinen, M. M., & Kuikka, J. T. (2008) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03027.x · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Depienne, C., Moreno‐De‐Luca, D., Héron, D., Bouteiller, D., Gennetier, A., Delorme, R., Chaste, P., Siffroi, J., Chantot‐Bastaraud, S., Benyahia, B., et al. (2009) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.01.025 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Blaurock-Busch, E., Amin, O. R., & Rabah, T. M. (2011) · PubMed Central · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Toxic Metals and Essential Elements in Hair and Severity of Symptoms among Children with Autism.
Blaurock-Busch, E., Amin, O. R., Dessoki, H. H., & Rabah, T. M. (2012) · PubMed Central · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Adams, J. B., AUDHYA, T. K., McDonough-Means, S. I., Rubin, R. A., Quig, D. W., Geis, E., Gehn, E., Loresto, M., Mitchell, J., Atwood, S., et al. (2012) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-012-9551-1 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Vitamin E in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Alzheimer's Disease
Kontush, A., & Schekatolina, S. (2004) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1331.025 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Low natural killer cell cytotoxic activity in autism: The role of glutathione, IL-2 and IL-15
Vojdani, A., Mumper, E. A., Granpeesheh, D., Mielke, L., Traver, D., Bock, K., Hirani, K., Neubrander, J. A., Woeller, K. N., O’Hara, N., et al. (2008) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.09.005 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Schneider, J. S., Kidd, S. K., & Anderson, D. W. (2013) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.004 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Genetic reduction of noradrenergic function alters social memory and reduces aggression in mice
Marino, M. D., Bourdélat-Parks, B. N., Liles, L. C., & Weinshenker, D. (2005) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2005.02.005 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Castelloe, P., & Dawson, G. (1993) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf01046217 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Al-Yafee, Y. A., AL-Ayadhi, L. Y., Haq, S. H., & El-Ansary, A. K. (2011) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/1471-2377-11-139 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationA comprehensive review of mercury provoked autism.
Geier, D. A., King, P. G., Sykes, L. K., & Geier, M. R. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 74 · see citing works
El-Ansary, A. K., Bacha, A. B., & Ayahdi, L. Y. A. (2011) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.06.982 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationStudy of some biomarkers in hair of children with autism
Elsheshtawy, E., Tobar, S., Sherra, K., Atallah, S., & Elkasaby, R. (2011) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.xme.0000392842.64112.64 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Epigenetic regulation in memory and cognitive disorders
Rudenko, A., & Tsai, L. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.034 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
McFadden, S. A. (1996) · Toxicology · doi:10.1016/0300-483x(96)03392-6 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The plausibility of a role for mercury in the etiology of autism: a cellular perspective
Garrecht, M., & Austin, D. (2011) · Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1080/02772248.2011.580588 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Are Neuropathological Conditions Relevant to Ethylmercury Exposure?
Aschner, M., & Ceccatelli, S. (2009) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-009-9113-2 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
The impact of mercury on human health and the environment.
Hyman, M. H. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Plasma concentrations of selected antioxidants in autistic children and adolescents
Krajcovicová-Kudlácková, M., Valachovičová, M., Mišľanová, C., Hudecová, Z., Šustrová, M., & Ostatníková, D. (2009) · Bratislavské lekárske listy/Bratislava medical journal · doi:10.1007/bf03657543 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
[Fish and seafood as a source of human exposure to methylmercury].
Mania, M., Wojciechowska-Mazurek, M., Starska, K., Rebeniak, M., & Postupolski, J. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 27 · see citing works
A Prospective Study of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Autistic Disorders
Geier, D. A., Kern, J. K., & Geier, M. R. (2009) · E-Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.7790/ejap.v5i1.141 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Effect of dental amalgam on gene expression profiles in rat cerebrum, cerebellum, liver and kidney
Takahashi, Y., Tsuruta, S., Honda, A., Fujiwara, Y., Satoh, M., & Yasutake, A. (2012) · The Journal of Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.2131/jts.37.663 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Szkup-Jabłońska, M., Karakiewicz, B., Grochans, E., Jurczak, A., Zaremba-Pechmann, L., Rotter, I., Nowak-Starz, G., & Samochowiec, J. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Polymorphisms in detoxification genes increase HMTC risk and match tumour phenotype
Koch, L. (2013) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2013.6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Detoxification mechanisms in autism spectrum disorders
El-Ansary, A. K. (2013) · OA Autism · doi:10.13172/2052-7810-1-2-752 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth, text revision ed.) 2000 Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
- Al-Gadani Y Al-Ansary A Al-Attas O Al-Ayadhi L Oxidative stress andantioxidant status in Saudi autistic children Clin Biochem 2009 10 1032 1040 19306862
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Street, M. E., Angelini, S., Bernasconi, S., Burgio, E., Cassio, A., Catellani, C., Cirillo, F., Deodati, A., Fabbrizi, E., Fanos, V., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19061647 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Glutathione redox imbalance in brain disorders
Gu, F., Chauhan, V. P. S., & Chauhan, A. (2014) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000134 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Saghazadeh, A., & Rezaei, N. (2017) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.07.011 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
The relationship between mercury and autism: A comprehensive review and discussion
Kern, J. K., Geier, D. A., Sykes, L. K., Haley, B. E., & Geier, M. R. (2016) · Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.06.002 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Toxic metal(loid)-based pollutants and their possible role in autism spectrum disorder
Bjørklund, G., Skalny, A. V., Rahman, M. M., Dadar, M., yassa, H. A., Aaseth, J., Chirumbolo, S., Геннадиевна, С. М., & Tinkov, A. A. (2018) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.020 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Liu, J., Liu, X., Xiong, X.-Q., Yang, T., Cui, T., Hou, N.-L., Lai, X., Liu, S., Guo, M., Liang, X.-H., et al. (2017) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/s12866-017-1096-1 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review
Mazahery, H., Camargo, C., Conlon, C., Beck, K., Kruger, M., & Von Hurst, P. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8040236 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Ijomone, O. M., Olung, N. F., Akingbade, G. T., Okoh, C. O. A., & Aschner, M. (2020) · Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126638 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
The effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on human cognition – A systematic review
Skvarc, D., Dean, O. M., Byrne, L. K., Gray, L. J., Lane, S. E., Lewis, M., Fernandes, B. S., Berk, M., & Marriott, A. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.013 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Baj, J., Flieger, W., Flieger, M., Forma, A., Sitarz, R., Skórzyńska-Dziduszko, K., Grochowski, C., Maciejewski, R., & Karakuła‐Juchnowicz, H. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.029 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Severity of Autism Spectrum Disorders: Current Conceptualization, and Transition to DSM-5
Mehling, M. H., & Tassé, M. J. (2016) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2731-7 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Kaur, I., Behl, T., Aleya, L., Rahman, M. H., Kumar, A., Arora, S., & Akter, R. (2021) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-020-12255-0 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Ding, M., Shi, S., Qie, S., Li, J., & Xi, X. (2023) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2023.1169733 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
The role of phthalate esters in autism development: A systematic review
Jeddi, M. Z., Janani, L., Memari, A. H., Akhondzadeh, S., & yunesian, M. (2016) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.08.021 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Wong, C. T., Wais, J., & Crawford, D. A. (2015) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.13028 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Blood Mercury, Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Li, H., Li, H., Li, Y., Liu, Y., & Zhao, Z. (2017) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-017-1002-6 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Jafari, T., Rostampour, N., Fallah, A. A., & Hesami, A. (2017) · Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.09.002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Sulaiman, R., Wang, M., & Ren, X. (2020) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00167 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Wang, M., Hossain, F., Sulaiman, R., & Ren, X. (2019) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00134 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
El-Ansary, A. K. (2016) · Data in Brief · doi:10.1016/j.dib.2016.02.025 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationBridging the Gap Between Physical Health and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Sala, R., Amet, L., Blagojevic-Stokic, N., Shattock, P., & Whiteley, P. (2020) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s251394 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Mostafa, G. A., Bjørklund, G., Urbina, M. A., & AL-Ayadhi, L. Y. (2016) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9784-8 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationHawari, I., Eskandar, M. B., & Alzeer, S. (2020) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-020-02146-3 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Nadeem, A., Ahmad, S. F., Attia, S. M., AL-Ayadhi, L. Y., Al-Harbi, N. O., & Bakheet, S. A. (2018) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.08.020 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationSynergism in aluminum and mercury neurotoxicity
Alexandrov, P. N., Pogue, A. I., & Lukiw, W. J. (2018) · Integrative Food Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.15761/ifnm.1000214 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Indika, N.-L. R., Frye, R. E., Rossignol, D. A., Owens, S. C., Senarathne, U. D., Grabrucker, A. M., Perera, R., ENGELEN, M. P. K. J., & Deutz, N. E. P. (2023) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm13020252 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Blood Lead Concentrations in Jamaican Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder
Rahbar, M. H., Samms‐Vaughan, M. E., Dickerson, A. S., Loveland, K. A., Hessabi, M., Bressler, J., Shakespeare‐Pellington, S., Grove, M. L., Pearson, D. A., & Boerwinkle, E. (2014) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph120100083 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Mostafa, G. A., Bjørklund, G., Urbina, M. A., & AL-Ayadhi, L. Y. (2016) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9836-8 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationAssociation of autism with toxic metals: A systematic review of case-control studies
Amadi, C. N., Orish, C. N., Frazzoli, C., & Orisakwe, O. E. (2021) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173313 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Santos, J. X., Rasga, C., Marques, A. R., Martiniano, H., Asif, M., Vilela, J. E. R., Oliveira, G., Sousa, L., Nunes, A., & Vicente, A. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.862315 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Shiani, A., Sharafi, K., Omer, A. K., Kiani, A., Matin, B. K., Massahi, T., & Ebrahimzadeh, G. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159246 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Khaled, E., Meguid, N. A., Bjørklund, G., Gouda, A. S., Bahary, M. H., Hashish, A. F., Sallam, N. M., Chirumbolo, S., & El‐Bana, M. A. (2016) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9870-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Yui, K., Sato, A., & Imataka, G. (2015) · Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/1389557515666150324122930 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Wahil, M. S. A., Jaáfar, M. H., & Isa, Z. M. (2021) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-021-02654-w · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Retinol palmitate and ascorbic acid: Role in oncological prevention and therapy
Cavalcante, A. A. D. C. M., Sousa, L. D. R., de Alencar, M. V. O. B., Santos, J. V. D. O., da Mata, A. M. O., Paz, M. F. C. J., de Carvalho, R. M., Nunes, N. M. F., Islam, M. T., Mendes, A. N., et al. (2018) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.115 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Kern, J. K., Geier, D. A., Deth, R. C., Sykes, L. K., Hooker, B. S., Love, J. M., Bjørklund, G., Chaigneau, C. G., Haley, B. E., & Geier, M. R. (2017) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-017-9983-2 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
RetractedRahbar, M. H., Samms‐Vaughan, M. E., Ma, J., Bressler, J., Loveland, K. A., Hessabi, M., Dickerson, A. S., Grove, M. L., Shakespeare‐Pellington, S., Beecher, C., et al. (2015) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2014.12.008 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Błażewicz, A., Grywalska, E., Macek, P., Mertowska, P., Mertowski, S., Wojnicka, J., Durante, N., & Makarewicz, A. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11030579 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Nakhaee, S., Amirabadizadeh, A., Farnia, V., Azadi, N. A., Mansouri, B., & Radmehr, F. (2022) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-022-03265-9 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Kern, J. K., Geier, D. A., Deth, R. C., Sykes, L. K., Hooker, B. S., Love, J. M., Bjørklund, G., Chaigneau, C. G., Haley, B. E., & Geier, M. R. (2015) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-015-9713-6 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
RetractedMostafa, G. A. (2015) · Journal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology · doi:10.4172/2155-9899.1000310 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Rahbar, M. H., Samms‐Vaughan, M. E., Saroukhani, S., Bressler, J., Hessabi, M., Grove, M. L., Shakespeare‐Pellington, S., Loveland, K. A., Beecher, C., & McLaughlin, W. A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18041377 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The Use of Multi-parametric Biomarker Profiles May Increase the Accuracy of ASD Prediction
Hassan, W. M., AL-Ayadhi, L. Y., Bjørklund, G., Alabdali, A. N., Chirumbolo, S., & El-Ansary, A. K. (2018) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-018-1136-9 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationPrenatal and postnatal exposure to heavy metals in PM2.5 and autism spectrum disorder
Lin, H.-H., Jung, C., Lin, C., Chang, Y.-C., Hsieh, C.-Y., Hsu, P.-C., Chuang, B., & Hwang, B. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.116874 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Stojsavljević, A., Lakićević, N., & Pavlović, S. Z. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11123344 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Marinov, D. B., Chamova, R., & Pancheva, R. (2024) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102396 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Sánchez, R. M., Losada, J. F. B., & Martínez, J. A. M. (2024) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2024.101132 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Netto, B. B., da Silva, E. P., da Costa, M. D. A., de Rezende, V. L., Bolan, S. J., Ceretta, L. B., Aschner, M., Dominguini, D., & Gonçalves, C. L. (2024) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.16076 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Oshodi, Y., Ojewunmi, O. O., Oshodi, T. A., Ijarogbe, G. T., Ogun, O., Aina, O. F., & Lesi, F. E. A. (2017) · Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.4103/njcp.njcp_282_16 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms and Clinical Characteristics in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Mandić-Maravić, V., Mitković-Vončina, M., Pljesa-Ercegovac, M. S., Savic-Radojevic, A. R., Djordjevic, M., Ercegovac, M., Pekmezovic, T. D., Simic, T. P., & Pejovic-Milovancevic, M. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.672389 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Impaired Redox Control in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Could It Be the X in GxE?
Mandić-Maravić, V., Pljesa-Ercegovac, M. S., Mitković-Vončina, M., Savic-Radojevic, A. R., Lečić‐Toševski, D., Simic, T. P., & Pejovic-Milovancevic, M. M. (2017) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-017-0799-1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Mandić-Maravić, V., Coric, V. M., Mitković-Vončina, M., Djordjevic, M., Savic-Radojevic, A. R., Ercegovac, M., Matic, M. G., Simic, T. P., Lečić‐Toševski, D., Tošković, O., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-39885-w · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Kern, J. K., Geier, D. A., Mehta, J. A., Homme, K. G., & Geier, M. R. (2020) · Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126504 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Rahbar, M. H., Samms‐Vaughan, M. E., Kim, S., Saroukhani, S., Bressler, J., Hessabi, M., Grove, M. L., Shakespeare‐Pellington, S., & Loveland, K. A. (2022) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes13060975 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Dufault, R., Crider, R. A., Deth, R. C., Schnoll, R., Gilbert, S. G., Lukiw, W. J., & Hitt, A. L. (2023) · World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.5409/wjcp.v12.i2.25 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Dufault, R., Adler, K. M., Carpenter, D. O., Gilbert, S. G., & Crider, R. A. (2024) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v14.i1.159 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Geier, D. A., Kern, J. K., & Geier, M. R. (2019) · Developmental Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/dneu.22726 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Dufault, R., Wolle, M. M., Kingston, H. M., Gilbert, S. G., & Murray, J. A. (2021) · World Journal of Methodology · doi:10.5662/wjm.v11.i4.144 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
AlFaris, N. A., Alshwaiyat, N. M., ALTAMIMI, J. Z., Alagal, R. I., Al-Salehi, S. M., Zarah, R. A., Alfaiz, R., Alhariqi, A., Alshamri, D., AlSouan, N., et al. (2024) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s473107 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Is Serum TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 levels Correlated to Children with Autism Intensity?
Yousefi, J., Khakzad, M. R., Hojati, M., Ebrahimi, S. A., Hosseinpour, M., & Akhondian, J. (2021) · Iranian journal of child neurology. · doi:10.22037/ijcn.v15i1.21826 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Jaureguiberry, S., & Venturino, A. (2020) · International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research · doi:10.1024/0300-9831/a000630 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Rafi’i, M. R., Jaáfar, M. H., Wahil, M. S. A., & Hanif, S. A. M. (2024) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.17660 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Autism, Chemicals, Probable Cause and Mitigation: A New Examination
Schofield, K. (2016) · Autism - Open Access · doi:10.4172/2165-7890.1000184 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Urinary and Plasma Antioxidants in Behavioral Symptoms of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Imataka, G., Yui, K., Shiko, Y., Kawasaki, Y., Sasaki, H., Shiroki, R., & Yoshihara, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.684445 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Said, S., Moubarz, G., Awadalla, H. I., Hegazy, N., Sharaf, N. E., Gawad, A. L. A., Elsaied, A., & Elkhafif, M. (2021) · Egyptian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.21608/ejchem.2021.94656.4464 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Luisetto, M., Nili-Ahmadabadi, B., Rafa, A. Y., Sahu, R. K., Cabianca, L., Mashori, G. R., & Khan, F. A. (2019) · Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Disorders · doi:10.29328/journal.jnnd.1001023 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
D’Adamo, C. R., Nelson, J. L., Miller, S. N., Hong, M. R., Lambert, E., & Ruhm, H. T. (2024) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm14060641 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Wegmann, B., Tatemoto, P., Miemczyk, S., Ludvigsson, J., & Guerrero‐Bosagna, C. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-38780-9 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
A Systematic Review on Environmental Factors associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Bangladesh
Khan, M. S., Tareq, S. M., & Kabir, M. A. (2022) · International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) · doi:10.31344/ijhhs.v6i3.454 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Zebrafish Social Behavior Testing in Developmental Brain Disorders
Buske, C. (2014) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2250-5_12 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Connecting the dots: environmental pollution and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Bhattacharya, B., Toor, D., & Chatterjee, M. (2025) · Reviews on Environmental Health · doi:10.1515/reveh-2024-0123 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
McCanlies, E. C., Gu, J. K., Claudia, C., Sanderson, W. T., Ludeña, Y., & Hertz‐Picciotto, I. (2025) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114613 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Liu, Q., & Yu, D. (2024) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.3241 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Fouché, B. R., Lindeque, J. Z., van der Westhuizen, F. H., Venter, M., & van der Sluis, R. (2025) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.152278 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Targeting gut microbiota as a possible therapeutic intervention in autism
El-Ansary, A. K., & Bhat, R. S. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818466-0.00017-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationVitamin A in prevention and treatment of cancer
de Carvalho, R. M., Islam, M., da Mata, A. M. O., Silva, R. R. E., Paz, M. F. C. J., de Alencar, M. V. O. B., Rolim, H. M. L., de Medeiros, M. D. G. F., Sousa, J. E., & Cavalcante, A. A. D. C. M. (2017) · International Journal of Medicine · doi:10.14419/ijm.v5i2.7947 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Metabolic Approaches to the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Indika, N.-L. R., Owens, S. C., Senarathne, U. D., Grabrucker, A. M., Lam, N. S. K., Louati, K., McGuinness, G., & Frye, R. E. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-42383-3_14 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
El-Ansary, A. K., AL-Ayadhi, L. Y., Dewedar, A., Bhat, R. S., Saad, R., & Bjørklund, G. (2026) · BioMetals · doi:10.1007/s10534-026-00791-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationEl-Ansary, A. K., Al-Dbass, A. M., & Qasem, H. (2018) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.69431 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationMs, A., Begum, B. A., Akhter, S., Nigar, K., Uddin, U. K. M., Akter, S., & Jolly, Y. N. (2019) · Journal of Blood Disorders & Transfusion · doi:10.4172/2155-9864.1000415 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Exposure of children with autism spectrum disorders to mercury and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Waligóra, S., Waligóra, A., Damasiewicz-Bodzek, A., Gorczyca, P. W., & Tyrpień-Golder, K. (2019) · Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii · doi:10.5114/ppn.2019.89128 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Predictors of functional ability in autism spectrum disorder: A scoping review
Solek, P., Nurfitri, E., Prasetya, T., Rizqiamuti, A. F., Sahril, I., Burhan, Gamayani, U., Rusmil, K., Afriandi, I., Chandra, L. A., et al. (2026) · Tzu Chi Medical Journal · doi:10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_319_24 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zwiya, H. T., Samms‐Vaughan, M. E., Bressler, J., Lee, M., Byrd-Williams, C. E., Hessabi, M., Grove, M. L., Shakespeare‐Pellington, S., Loveland, K. A., & Rahbar, M. H. (2023) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102162 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Osredkar, J., Kumer, K., Vrhovšek, M. J., Čuturić, L., Štiglic, A. F., & Fabjan, T. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms262110478 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ogunesan, O., Newsom, C., O’Kelley, S. E., Guest, K. C., & Wickliffe, J. K. (2026) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-026-37566-6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Knowledge Level of Medical Students Regarding Clinical Manifestasions of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Ichsanino, M. R. (2024) · Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan · doi:10.18196/mmjkk.v24i2.20620 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Endokrin Bozucuların Rolü Var mıdır?
Ilhan, A., & Ayaz, A. (2019) · Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.21020/husbfd.420631 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Koesdiningsih, T., Basoeki, L., Febriyana, N., & Maramis, M. M. (2019) · Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi · doi:10.20473/jbe.v7i12019.77-84 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Autismus-Spektrum-Störung (ASS) und Osteopathie
Möckel, E. (2017) · DO - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Osteopathie · doi:10.1055/s-0043-100868
[Genomic approach for schizophrenia susceptibility].
Fukumaki, Y. (2013) · PubMed
On The Effectiveness of Probiotic as Treatment Strategy of Autism
El-Ansary, A. K. (2018) · Novel Techniques in Nutrition & Food Science · doi:10.31031/ntnf.2018.01.000520
Self-citationFundamental Role of Neurochemicals Aberration in the Pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Meguid, N. A., Ahmed, H. H., Gad, M. A., Baki, O. M. A., Aziz, S. S., & Eskander, E. F. (2020) · Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.3889/oamjms.2020.5268
Use of Energy Dispersive X‐Ray Fluorescence for Clinical Diagnosis
Jolly, Y. N. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119645719.ch6
Saroukhani, S., Samms‐Vaughan, M. E., Bressler, J., Lee, M., Byrd-Williams, C. E., Hessabi, M., Grove, M. L., Shakespeare‐Pellington, S., Loveland, K. A., & Rahbar, M. H. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05813-7
Saroukhani, S., Samms‐Vaughan, M. E., Bressler, J., Lee, M., Byrd-Williams, C. E., Hessabi, M., Grove, M. L., Shakespeare‐Pellington, S., Loveland, K. A., & Rahbar, M. H. (2023) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102183
Efficacy of Vitamin Supplements in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Adıgüzel, E. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-40858-8_76-1
Research Progress on the Role of Vitamins in Autism Spectrum Disorder
杜, 春. (2025) · Advances in Clinical Medicine · doi:10.12677/acm.2025.1582294
- Authors
- Alabdali, A., Al-Ayadhi, L., & El-Ansary, A.
- Affiliations
- King Saud University (SA)
- Corresponding author
- El-Ansary, Afaf
- Venue
- Behavioral and Brain Functions
- Published
- 2014-04-28
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-14
- ISSN
- 1744-9081 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4017810
- OpenAlex
- W2167410889
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 5.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Behavioral and Brain Functions (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- King Saud University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, autism severity, heavy metal toxicity, lead, mercury, glutathione S-transferase, vitamin E, antioxidant status, autism biomarkers, social dysfunction, cognitive impairment, plasma mercury
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Glutathione Transferase, Humans, Lead, Male, Mercury, Severity of Illness Index, Vitamin E, Biomarkers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
