Parasites of importance for human health in Nigerian dogs: high prevalence and limited knowledge of pet owners
Open accessAbstract
Background: Dogs are the most common pet animals worldwide. They may harbour a wide range of parasites with zoonotic potential, thus causing a health risk to humans. In Nigeria, epidemiological knowledge on these parasites is limited. Methods: In a community-based study, we examined 396 dogs in urban and rural areas of Ilorin (Kwara State, Central Nigeria) for ectoparasites and intestinal helminths. In addition, a questionnaire regarding knowledge and practices was applied to pet owners. Results: Nine ectoparasite species belonging to four taxa and six intestinal helminth species were identified: fleas (Ctenocephalides canis, Pulex irritans, Tunga penetrans), mites (Demodex canis, Otodectes sp.,Sarcoptes scabiei var.canis), ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ixodes sp.), and lice (Trichodectes canis); and Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma sp.,Trichuris vulpis, Dipylidium caninum, Taenidae and Strongyloides sp. Overall prevalence of ectoparasites was 60.4% and of intestinal helminths 68.4%. The occurrence of C. canis, R. sanguineus, T. canis, Ancylostoma sp. and T. vulpis was most common (prevalence 14.4% to 41.7%). Prevalence patterns in helminths were age-dependent, with T. canis showing a decreasing prevalence with age of host, and a reverse trend in other parasite species. Knowledge regarding zoonoses was very limited and the diseases not considered a major health problem. Treatment with antiparasitic drugs was more frequent in urban areas. Conclusion: Parasites of importance for human health were highly prevalent in Nigerian dogs. Interventions should include health education provided to dog owners and the establishment of a program focusing on zoonotic diseases.
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The incidence of trichurosis is higher in adult dogs, which also have higher parasitic burdens than younger animals.
“thus the incidence of trichurosis is higher in adult dogs, which also have higher parasitic burdens than younger animals [3,5-8].”
From Are we paying too much attention to cardio-pulmonary nematodes and neglecting old-fashioned worms like Trichuris vulpis? (2011) · cites this paper as [7]
T. vulpis eggs are a constant source of (re-)infection for dogs living in contaminated environments.
“Eggs are a constant source of (re-)infection for dogs living in contaminated environments”
From Are we paying too much attention to cardio-pulmonary nematodes and neglecting old-fashioned worms like Trichuris vulpis? (2011) · cites this paper as [7]
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- Authors
- Ugbomoiko, U. S., Ariza, L., & Heukelbach, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Ilorin (NG)
- Universidade Federal do Ceará (BR)
- Venue
- BMC Veterinary Research
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 49-49
- ISSN
- 1746-6148 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2615757
- OpenAlex
- W1976050178
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- BMC Veterinary Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Keywords
- canine parasites, zoonoses, ectoparasites, intestinal helminths, Toxocara canis, Ctenocephalides canis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Trichodectes canis, Ancylostoma, Trichuris vulpis, Dipylidium caninum, Strongyloides, health education, Ilorin, Nigeria
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Arthropods, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Ectoparasitic Infestations, Female, Siphonaptera, Helminths, Humans, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Phthiraptera, Male, Mites, Nigeria, Population Density, Surveys and Questionnaires, Rural Population, Ticks, Urban Population, Zoonoses, Prevalence
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