Evaluating the effectiveness of a multifaceted, multilevel continuous quality improvement program in primary health care: developing a realist theory of change
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Variation in effectiveness of continuous quality improvement (CQI) interventions between services is commonly reported, but with little explanation of how contextual and other factors may interact to produce this variation. Therefore, there is scant information available on which policy makers can draw to inform effective implementation in different settings. In this paper, we explore how patterns of change in delivery of services may have been achieved in a diverse range of health centers participating in a wide-scale program to achieve improvements in quality of care for Indigenous Australians. METHODS: We elicited key informants' interpretations of factors explaining patterns of change in delivery of guideline-scheduled services over three or more years of a wide-scale CQI project, and inductively analyzed these interpretations to propose fine-grained realist hypotheses about what works for whom and in what circumstances. Data were derived from annual clinical audits from 36 health centers operating in diverse settings, quarterly project monitoring reports, and workshops with 12 key informants who had key roles in project implementation. We abstracted potential context-mechanism-outcome configurations from the data, and based on these, identified potential program-strengthening strategies. RESULTS: Several context-specific, mechanism-based explanations for effectiveness of this CQI project were identified. These were collective valuing of clinical data for improvement purposes; collective efficacy; and organizational change towards a population health orientation. Health centers with strong central management of CQI, and those in which CQI efforts were more dependent on local health center initiative and were adapted to resonate with local priorities were both favorable contexts for collective valuing of clinical data. Where health centers had prior positive experiences of collaboration, effects appeared to be achieved at least partly through the mechanism of collective efficacy. Strong community linkages, staff ability to identify with patients, and staff having the skills and support to take broad ranging action, were favorable contexts for the mechanism of increased population health orientation. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides evidence to support strategies for program strengthening described in the literature, and extends the understanding of mechanisms through which strategies may be effective in achieving particular outcomes in different contexts.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The analysis utilised a similar approach to Schierhout et al. and Rycroft-Malone et al.
“Utilising a similar approach to those of Schierhout et al. 152 and Rycroft-Malone et al., 153 the analysis involved the following steps:”
From ReseArch with Patient and Public invOlvement: a RealisT evaluation – the RAPPORT study (2015) · cites this paper as [152]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
(1985) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 19,180 · see citing works
Diffusion of Innovations in Service Organizations: Systematic Review and Recommendations
GREENHALGH, T., ROBERT, G., MACFARLANE, F., BATE, P., & KYRIAKIDOU, O. (2004) · The Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.0887-378x.2004.00325.x · Cited by 7,448 · see citing works
A theory of organizational readiness for change
Weiner, B. J. (2009) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-4-67 · Cited by 2,268 · see citing works
Causal Mechanisms in the Social Sciences
Hedström, P., & Ylikoski, P. (2010) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102632 · Cited by 1,653 · see citing works
Planning and Studying Improvement in Patient Care: The Use of Theoretical Perspectives
GROL, R. P. T. M., BOSCH, M. C., HULSCHER, M. E. J. L., ECCLES, M. P., & WENSING, M. (2007) · The Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2007.00478.x · Cited by 943 · see citing works
Unpacking black boxes: mechanisms and theory building in evaluation
Astbury, B., & Leeuw, F. L. (2010) · American Journal of Evaluation · doi:10.1177/1098214010371972 · Cited by 850 · see citing works
Evidence for the impact of quality improvement collaboratives: systematic review
Schouten, L. M. T., Hulscher, M., van Everdingen, J. J. E., Huijsman, R., & Grol, R. P. T. M. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39570.749884.be · Cited by 683 · see citing works
Marchal, B., van Belle, S., van Olmen, J., Hoerée, T., & Kegels, G. (2012) · Evaluation · doi:10.1177/1356389012442444 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Øvretveit, J. (2011) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs.2010.045955 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Preparing a Health Care Workforce for the 21st Century: The Challenge of Chronic Conditions
Hume, A. L. (2005) · Journal of Pharmacy Technology · doi:10.1177/875512250502100516 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
An Evaluation of Collaborative Interventions to Improve Chronic Illness Care
Cretin, S., Shortell, S. M., & Keeler, E. B. (2004) · Evaluation Review · doi:10.1177/0193841x03256298 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Minkman, M. M. N., Ahaus, K., & Huijsman, R. (2007) · International Journal for Quality in Health Care · doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzl071 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
A systematic narrative review of quality improvement models in health care
Powell, A. E., Rushmer, R. K. (., & Davies, H. T. O. (2009) · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Gardner, K., Dowden, M., Togni, S. J., & Bailie, R. S. (2010) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-5-21 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Si, D., Bailie, R., Dowden, M., Kennedy, C., Cox, R. J., O'Donoghue, L., Liddle, H., Kwedza, R. K., Connors, C., Thompson, S., et al. (2010) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.1062 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Study protocol: Audit and Best Practice for Chronic Disease Extension (ABCDE) Project
Bailie, R. S., Si, D., Connors, C. M., Weeramanthri, T. S., Clark, L. A., Dowden, M., O'Donohue, L., Condon, J. R., Thompson, S., Clelland, N., et al. (2008) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-8-184 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Bailie, R. S., Si, D., Connors, C. M., Kwedza, R., O’Donoghue, L., Kennedy, C. M., Cox, R. J., Liddle, H. E., Hains, J., Dowden, M., et al. (2011) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-11-139 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Care for chronic conditions for indigenous Australians: Key informants’ perspectives on policy
Baeza, J. I., Bailie, R. S., & Lewis, J. M. (2009) · Health Policy · doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.03.012 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Assessing the quality of maternal health care in Indigenous primary care services
Rumbold, A. R., Bailie, R. S., Si, D., Dowden, M., Kennedy, C. M., Cox, R. J., O’Donoghue, L., Liddle, H. E., Kwedza, R., Thompson, S., et al. (2010) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03646.x · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 21 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Hedstrom PSR Social mechanisms: an analytic approach to social theory 1998 Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Using theory of change to design and evaluate public health interventions: a systematic review
Breuer, E., Lee, L., De Silva, M., & Lund, C. (2015) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-016-0422-6 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
How to study improvement interventions: a brief overview of possible study types
Portela, M. C., Pronovost, P. J., Woodcock, T. M., Carter, P., & Dixon‐Woods, M. (2015) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2014-003620 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
ReseArch with Patient and Public invOlvement: a RealisT evaluation – the RAPPORT study
Wilson, P., Mathie, E., Keenan, J., McNeilly, E., Goodman, C., Howe, A., Poland, F., Staniszewska, S., Kendall, S., Munday, D., et al. (2015) · Health Services and Delivery Research · doi:10.3310/hsdr03380 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
“Utilising a similar approach to those of Schierhout et al.(152) and Rycroft-Malone et al.”
The influence of contextual factors on healthcare quality improvement initiatives: a realist review
Coles, E., Anderson, J., Maxwell, M., Harris, F. M., Gray, N. M., Milner, G., & MacGillivray, S. (2020) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-020-01344-3 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
A systems-based partnership learning model for strengthening primary healthcare
Bailie, R. S., Matthews, V., Brands, J., & Schierhout, G. (2013) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-8-143 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Improving health care quality and safety: the role of collective learning
Singer, S. J., Benzer, J. K., & Hamdan, S. (2015) · Journal of Healthcare Leadership · doi:10.2147/jhl.s70115 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Chibanda, D., Verhey, R., Munetsi, E., Cowan, F. M., & Lund, C. (2016) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-016-0050-1 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Ralph, A. P., de Dassel, J. L., Kirby, A. C., Read, C., Mitchell, A. G., Maguire, G. P., Currie, B. J., Bailie, R. S., Johnston, V., & Carapetis, J. R. (2018) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.118.009308 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Wilson, P. M., Mathie, E., Poland, F. M., Keenan, J., Howe, A. C., Munday, D., Kendall, S. A., Cowe, M., Staniszewska, S. H., & Goodman, C. M. (2018) · Journal of Health Services Research & Policy · doi:10.1177/1355819617750688 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Browne, A. J., Varcoe, C., & Ward, C. L. (2021) · International Indigenous Policy Journal · doi:10.18584/iipj.2021.12.3.8204 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Paina, L., Wilkinson, A., Tetui, M., Kiracho, E. E., Barman, D., Ahmed, T., Mahmood, S. S., Bloom, G., Knezovich, J., George, A. S., et al. (2017) · Health Research Policy and Systems · doi:10.1186/s12961-017-0272-y · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Matthews, V., Schierhout, G., McBroom, J., Connors, C. M., Kennedy, C. M., Kwedza, R., Larkins, S., Moore, E., Thompson, S., Scrimgeour, D. J., et al. (2014) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-014-0578-1 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Republished: How to study improvement interventions: a brief overview of possible study types
Portela, M. C., Pronovost, P. J., Woodcock, T. M., Carter, P., & Dixon‐Woods, M. (2015) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2014-003620rep · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Read, C., Mitchell, A. G., de Dassel, J. L., Scrine, C., Hendrickx, D., Bailie, R. S., Johnston, V., Maguire, G. P., Schultz, R., Carapetis, J. R., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.118.009376 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Laycock, A. F., Harvey, G., Percival, N., Cunningham, F. C., Bailie, J., Matthews, V., Copley, K., Patel, L., & Bailie, R. S. (2018) · Health Research Policy and Systems · doi:10.1186/s12961-018-0392-z · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Bailie, J., Laycock, A. F., Matthews, V., & Bailie, R. S. (2016) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00086 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Bailie, R. S., Matthews, V., Larkins, S., Thompson, S., Burgess, P., Weeramanthri, T. S., Bailie, J., Cunningham, F. C., Kwedza, R., & Clark, L. A. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016626 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Gardner, K., Sibthorpe, B. M., Chan, M., Sargent, G. M., Dowden, M., & McAullay, D. R. (2018) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-018-3308-2 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Laycock, A. F., Bailie, J., Matthews, V., & Bailie, R. S. (2019) · Health Research Policy and Systems · doi:10.1186/s12961-019-0474-6 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Bailie, C. R., Matthews, V., Bailie, J., Burgess, P., Copley, K., Kennedy, C. M., Moore, L., Larkins, S., Thompson, S., & Bailie, R. S. (2016) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00034 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Gold, R. B., Sheppler, C. R., Hessler, D., Bunce, A., Cottrell, E., Yosuf, N., Pisciotta, M., Gunn, R., Leo, M. C., & Gottlieb, L. M. (2021) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/31733 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Using virtual worlds as a platform for collaborative meetings in healthcare: a feasibility study
Taylor, M. J., Shikaislami, C., McNicholas, C., Taylor, D., Reed, J. E., & Vlaev, I. (2020) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-020-05290-7 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
McHugh, S., Tracey, M., Riordan, F., O’Neill, K., Mays, N., & Kearney, P. M. (2015) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-016-0464-9 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Laycock, A. F., Bailie, J., Matthews, V., & Bailie, R. S. (2016) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00084 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Woods, C., Carlisle, K., Larkins, S., Thompson, S., Tsey, K., Matthews, V., & Bailie, R. S. (2017) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00045 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Gibson‐Helm, M. E., Bailie, J., Matthews, V., Laycock, A. F., Boyle, J. A., & Bailie, R. S. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192262 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Larkins, S., Woods, C., Matthews, V., Thompson, S., Schierhout, G., Mitropoulos, M., Patrao, T. A., Panzera, A., & Bailie, R. S. (2016) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2015.00288 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Continuous Quality Improvement Processes in Child Protection: A Systematic Literature Review
Zuchowski, I., Miles, D., Woods, C., & Tsey, K. (2017) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731517743337 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Evaluating for impact: what type of data can assist a health promoting school approach?
Joyce, A., Dabrowski, A., Aston, R., & Carey, G. E. (2016) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/daw034 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Larkins, S., Carlisle, K., Turner, N., Taylor, J., Copley, K., Cooney, S., Wright, R., Matthews, V., Thompson, S., & Bailie, R. S. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027568 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Turner, N., Taylor, J., Larkins, S., Carlisle, K., Thompson, S., Carter, M., Redman-MacLaren, M. L., & Bailie, R. S. (2019) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/1049732319843107 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Sibthorpe, B. M., Gardner, K., Chan, M., Dowden, M., Sargent, G. M., & McAullay, D. R. (2018) · Journal of Health Organization and Management · doi:10.1108/jhom-02-2018-0056 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Strengthening food systems with remote Indigenous Australians: stakeholders’ perspectives.: Table 1:
Rogers, A., Ferguson, M., Ritchie, J., van den Boogaard, C., & Brimblecombe, J. K. (2016) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/daw047 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Newham, J., Schierhout, G., Bailie, R. S., & Ward, P. (2015) · Australian Journal of Primary Health · doi:10.1071/py14098 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Toward Hospital Implementation of Advance Care Planning: Should Hospital Professionals Be Involved?
Vanderhaeghen, B., Bossuyt, I., Opdebeeck, S., Menten, J. J., & Rober, P. (2017) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/1049732317735834 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Building capacity for continuous quality improvement (CQI): A pilot study
Hunter, S. B., Rutter, C. M., Ober, A. J., & Booth, M. S. (2017) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2017.07.014 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Community, W. T. L. L., Carlisle, K., Matthews, V., Redman-MacLaren, M. L., Vine, K., Turner, N., Felton‐Busch, C., Taylor, J., Thompson, S., Whaleboat, D., et al. (2021) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-021-06383-7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Gunaratnam, P. J., Schierhout, G., Brands, J., Maher, L., Bailie, R. S., Ward, J. S., Guy, R., Rumbold, A. R., Ryder, N., Fairley, C. K., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026679 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Purnawan, E., Brunori, G., & Prosperi, P. (2021) · Horticulturae · doi:10.3390/horticulturae7120546 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Mental health intervention at the workplace: A psychosocial care model
Saju, M. D., P., R. S., Scaria, L., Benny, A. M., & Nannatt, A. (2019) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2019.1601606 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Laycock, A. F., Bailie, J., Matthews, V., Cunningham, F. C., Harvey, G., Percival, N., & Bailie, R. S. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016341 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Floate, H. J., Marks, G. C., & Durham, J. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028314 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Spitzer, S., Shadmi, E., Goldfracht, M., Key, C., Hoshen, M. B., & Balicer, R. D. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0193179 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Katzenellenbogen, J. M., Bond‐Smith, D., Ralph, A. P., Wilmot, M., Marsh, J. A., Bailie, R. S., & Matthews, V. (2019) · Australian Health Review · doi:10.1071/ah19132 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Diaz, A., Vo, B. N., Baade, P. D., Matthews, V., Nattabi, B., Bailie, J., Whop, L. J., Bailie, R. S., & Garvey, G. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16193630 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Manzi, F., Marchant, T., Hanson, C., Schellenberg, J., Mkumbo, E., Mlaguzi, M., & Tancred, T. (2020) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czaa128 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Electronic Health Records and Change Management
Martin, W. M., & Voynov, S. (2014) · Digital Commons-DePaul (DePaul University) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Laycock, A. F., Bailie, J., Percival, N., Matthews, V., Cunningham, F. C., Harvey, G., Copley, K., Patel, L., & Bailie, R. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2018.00378 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Theory of change for implementing matrix support in mental health
Treichel, C. A. D. S., Silva, M. C., Presotto, R. F., Leme, K. E. F., dos Reis, M. F. L., Amorim, S. G. S., Lourencetti, A. L. S., Saidel, M. G. B., & Campos, R. T. O. (2023) · Acta Paulista de Enfermagem · doi:10.37689/acta-ape/2023aospe0224733 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Lessons learnt from quality improvement collaboratives in Cambodia
Perry, K. E., Rakhmanova, N., Suos, P., Nhim, D., Bunreth, V., & Bouchet, B. (2022) · BMJ Global Health · doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008245 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Darr, J. O., Franklin, R. C., McBain‐Rigg, K. E., Larkins, S., Roe, Y. L., Panaretto, K. S., Saunders, V., & Crowe, M. (2021) · BMJ Open Quality · doi:10.1136/bmjoq-2020-001091 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Woodfield, M. J., Merry, S., & Hetrick, S. E. (2022) · Implementation Research and Practice · doi:10.1177/26334895221082330 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Haworth, K. J., Niederhausen, K. C., Smith, E. P., Sadayappan, S., Wess, Y., Rubinstein, J., Schauer, D. P., Soleimani, M., Rouan, G. W., & Fichtenbaum, C. J. (2023) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000005270 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Chronic illness care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: final report
Matthews, V., Connors, C. M., Laycock, A. F., Bailie, J., & Bailie, R. S. (2015) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Schmidt, B., Watt, K., McDermott, R. A., & Mills, J. E. (2017) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2320-2 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Evaluation Research in Public Health
Dawson, A. J. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2779-6_71-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Onnis, L., Hakendorf, M., & Tsey, K. (2018) · Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management · doi:10.24083/apjhm.v13i2.9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
An Integrated Approach to Selecting a Prepared Medical Decision-Maker
Zhukovsky, D. S., Haider, A., Williams, J. L., Naqvi, S., Joshi, N., Mills, S., Soliman, P. T., Mathew, B., Bodurka, D. C., Meyer, L. A., et al. (2020) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.12.006 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Turner, N., Taylor, J., Larkins, S., Clancy, K., Carlisle, K., Laurie, T., Vine, K., King, S., Redman-MacLaren, M. L., Felton‐Busch, C., et al. (2025) · First Nations Health and Wellbeing - The Lowitja Journal · doi:10.1016/j.fnhli.2025.100075 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Chen, L., Li, A., Chen, W., Wang, H., Zhou, J., & Sun, M. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1672415 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Onnis, L., Hakendorf, M., & Tsey, K. (2006) · Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management · doi:10.24083/apjhm.2018.0010 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Prospects for applying a theory of change model to the use of research evidence in autism education
Mintz, J., & Roberts, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2023.987688 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Teoria da mudança para implementação de apoio matricial em saúde mental
Treichel, C. A. D. S., Silva, M. C., Presotto, R. F., Leme, K. E. F., dos Reis, M. F. L., Amorim, S. G. S., Lourencetti, A. L. S., Saidel, M. G. B., & Campos, R. T. O. (2023) · Acta Paulista de Enfermagem · doi:10.37689/acta-ape/2023aospe022473 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Hafiz, N., Hyun, K., Tu, Q., Knight, A., Chow, C. K., Hespe, C., Briffa, T., Gallagher, R., Reid, C. M., Hare, D., et al. (2025) · Australian Journal of Primary Health · doi:10.1071/py24034 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Primary health care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children
Bailie, R. S., Matthews, V., Bailie, J., & Laycock, A. F. (2015)
SIQINS : strengthening quality improvement intervention reporting in Surgery
Jones, E. L. (2017) · Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester)
Carlisle, K., Matthews, V., Redman-MacLaren, M., Vine, K., Turner, N., Felton‐Busch, C., Taylor, J., Thompson, S., Whaleboat, D., & Larkins, S. L. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14551734
- Authors
- Schierhout, G., Hains, J., Si, D., Kennedy, C., Cox, R., Kwedza, R., O’Donoghue, L., Fittock, M., Brands, J., Lonergan, K., Dowden, M., & Bailie, R.
- Affiliations
- Menzies School of Health Research (AU)
- Queensland Health (AU)
- Maari Ma Health (AU)
- Curtin University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Schierhout, Gill
- Venue
- Implementation Science
- Published
- 2013-10-08
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 119-119
- ISSN
- 1748-5908 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4124892
- OpenAlex
- W2021954893
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 11.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Implementation Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CDU eSpace Institutional Repository (Charles Darwin University) (submittedVersion)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian National University
- Lowitja Institute
- Medical Research Council
- Australian Research Council (FT100100087)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (545267, ID No.545267)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Healthcare Quality and Management
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Keywords
- continuous quality improvement, primary care, Indigenous Australians, context-mechanism-outcome configurations, collective efficacy, organizational change, program strengthening, health centers, community linkages
- MeSH terms
- Australia, Humans, Models, Theoretical, Organizational Innovation, Primary Health Care, Total Quality Management
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
