Tau exon 10 alternative splicing and tauopathies
Open accessAbstract
Abnormalities of microtubule-associated protein tau play a central role in neurofibrillary degeneration in several neurodegenerative disorders that collectively called tauopathies. Six isoforms of tau are expressed in adult human brain, which result from alternative splicing of pre-mRNA generated from a single tau gene. Alternative splicing of tau exon 10 results in tau isoforms containing either three or four microtubule-binding repeats (3R-tau and 4R-tau, respectively). Approximately equal levels of 3R-tau and 4R-tau are expressed in normal adult human brain, but the 3R-tau/4R-tau ratio is altered in the brains in several tauopathies. Discovery of silence mutations and intronic mutations of tau gene in some individuals with frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17), which only disrupt tau exon 10 splicing but do not alter tau's primary sequence, demonstrates that dysregulation of tau exon 10 alternative splicing and consequently of 3R-tau/4R-tau balance is sufficient to cause neurodegeneration and dementia. Here, we review the gene structure, transcripts and protein isoforms of tau, followed by the regulation of exon 10 splicing that determines the expression of 3R-tau or 4R-tau. Finally, dysregulation of exon 10 splicing of tau in several tauopathies is discussed. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which tau exon 10 splicing is regulated and how it is disrupted in tauopathies will provide new insight into the mechanisms of these tauopathies and help identify new therapeutic targets to treat these disorders.
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Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 generally exhibits increased levels of the 4R tau isoform, with several exceptions.
“Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 (FTDP-17) generally exhibits increased levels of the 4R tau isoform, with several exceptions [112].”
From Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (2020) · cites this paper as [112]
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- Authors
- Liu, F., & Gong, C.-X.
- Affiliations
- Nantong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Gong, Cheng-Xin
- Venue
- Molecular Neurodegeneration
- Published
- 2008
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 8
- ISSN
- 1750-1326 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2483273
- OpenAlex
- W2109458623
- Cited by
- 323
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 7.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Molecular Neurodegeneration (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Alzheimer's Association (IIRG-05-13095)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (30770468)
- National Institutes of Health (IIRG-05-13095)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG027429)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Keywords
- tau protein, alternative splicing, tauopathy, tau isoforms, microtubule-binding repeats, neurofibrillary degeneration, frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17, FTDP-17, splicing regulation, neurodegeneration, therapeutic target
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Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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