Wild canids as sentinels of ecological health: a conservation medicine perspective
Open accessAbstract
The extinction of species across the globe is accelerating, directly or indirectly due to human activities. Biological impoverishment, habitat fragmentation, climate change, increasing toxification, and the rapid global movement of people and other living organisms have worked synergistically to diminish ecosystem function. This has resulted in unprecedented levels of disease emergence, driven by human-induced environmental degradation, which poses a threat to the survival and health of biodiversity. The emerging discipline of conservation medicine addresses these concerns through the following entities: humans; global climate; habitat destruction and alteration; biodiversity, including wildlife populations; domestic animals; and pathogens, parasites and pollutants. Furthermore, conservation medicine focuses on explicit linkages between these entities. As a crisis discipline, the usefulness of conservation medicine ultimately will depend on its applicability to solving problems. The perspectives and scientific findings of conservation medicine provide input into biomedical education; and policy and management of ecosystems, habitats and imperiled species. A sentinel species is one that has presented itself, or has been selected, to provide insight into the state (health) of an ecosystem, based on user-defined (e.g., researchers, conservationists or policymakers) objectives (e.g., disease, parasites, toxics, climate change, habitat destruction), coupled with the utility and vulnerability of this species to the perceived stress. The scientific information generated by the sentinel species should empower stakeholders and decision-makers to take mitigative action or support predictive capabilities; the "utility" of the species selected should consider its value and relevance to conservationists and to society at large (e.g., education and outreach; social sciences). Wild canids may serve as excellent sentinel species of emerging canine vector-borne diseases. Several canine vector-borne diseases or antibodies to these pathogens have been identified in wild canids including visceral leishmaniosis, Lyme disease, heartworm, hepatozoonosis and anaplasmosis to name a few. These reports are relatively recent as they relate to wildlife-domestic animal interactions, globalisation, translocations, habitat fragmentation and climate change. These pathogens and their relationship to wild canids are described herein. Further research needs to be performed to elucidate the role of the 36 extant species of wild canids in the epidemiology of canine vector-borne diseases.
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Golden jackals are known as important reservoir hosts for several parasitic and infectious diseases, many of medical or veterinary importance.
“Golden jackals are known as important reservoir hosts for several parasitic and infectious diseases, many of them having medical or veterinary importance [18, 19].”
From Role of golden jackals (Canis aureus) as natural reservoirs of Dirofilaria spp. in Romania (2016) · cites this paper as [19]
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- [5]Tabor GM Ostfeld RS Poss M Dobson AP Aguirre AA Soulé ME Orians GH Conservation biology and the health sciences: defining the research priorities of conservation medicine Research Priorities in Conservation Biology 2001 2 Washington, DC Island Press 165 173
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- Authors
- Aguirre, A. A.
- Affiliations
- EcoHealth Alliance (US)
- Corresponding author
- Aguirre, A Alonso
- ORCID
- Aguirre, A Alonso
- Venue
- Parasites & Vectors
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- Suppl 1
- Pages
- S7
- ISSN
- 1756-3305 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2679399
- OpenAlex
- W2135367795
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 11
- Type
- conference abstract
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Parasites & Vectors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Marisla Foundation
- Bayer Animal Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Keywords
- wild canids, sentinel species, conservation medicine, canine vector-borne diseases, Lyme disease, Dirofilaria immitis, hepatozoonosis, anaplasmosis, emerging zoonoses, habitat fragmentation, climate change, biodiversity loss, ecosystem health
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