Validation of the 10-item Chinese perceived stress scale in elderly service workers: one-factor versus two-factor structure
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BACKGROUND: Despite its popularity, the psychometric properties of the 10-item Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS-10) in working adults are yet to be evaluated. METHODS: This study examined CPSS-10 in elderly service workers through a questionnaire survey. The sample was randomly split into two for exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). RESULTS: A high response rate (93%) was achieved, resulting in 992 completed questionnaires. EFA with the first split sample favored a two-factor over a one-factor solution. The second factor had eigenvalue 2.00 and provided 19.95% explained variance. In CFA with the second split sample, the two-factor structure showed satisfactory goodness-of-fit (CFI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.06) while the one-factor structure showed poor data fit (CFI = 0.62, RMSEA = 0.14). Further analyses on the two-factor structure revealed that the whole scale and two subscales had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alphas = 0.67 to 0.78). The total score was positively associated with perceived workload and burnout (r = 0.17 to 0.48), but negatively with work engagement (r = -0.13 to -0.30). In contrary to previous studies, a low inter-factor correlation (r = -0.08) was revealed. CONCLUSIONS: CPSS-10 showed a stable two-factor structure with satisfactory internal consistency and construct validity.
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Stress was measured by the Chinese validated Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).
“Stress was measured by the Chinese validated Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) [52].”
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- Authors
- Ng, S.-M.
- Venue
- BMC Psychology
- Published
- 2013-06-19
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9-9
- ISSN
- 2050-7283 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4269992
- OpenAlex
- W2134989464
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 5.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
- Keywords
- perceived stress, scale validation, factor structure, two-factor model, burnout, work engagement, perceived workload, psychometric properties
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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