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Cited by 36Retinal Diseases and TreatmentsRetinal Imaging and AnalysisOphthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The prevalence of and major risk factors associated with diabetic retinopathy in Gegharkunik province of Armenia: cross-sectional study

Open access
Giloyan, Aida, Harutyunyan, Tsovinar, Petrosyan, Varduhi·2015·BMC Ophthalmology
DOI 10.1186/s12886-015-0032-0PMC PMC4440508
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness in adults in industrialized countries and the emerging cause of blindness in developing countries. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of DR and risk factors associated with it among diabetic patients. METHODS: The analytical cross-sectional survey and eye screenings were carried out among 625 diabetic patients from urban and rural areas of Gegharkunik region. DR was assessed by dilated ophthalmoscopy and defined based on the WHO International Classification of Diseases. The survey instrument, included questions about demographics, disease history, health status, medication use and healthy lifestyle. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The prevalence of DR in the sample was 36.2%. A total of 90.2% of patients with DR had non-proliferative, while 9.8% had proliferative DR. In bivariate analysis, age, diabetes duration, being under insulin treatment, blood glucose level, having non-communicable diseases were significantly associated with DR. In the adjusted analysis being under insulin treatment (OR = 3.24; 95% CI: 1.56-6.75), diabetes duration (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.16-1.31) and age (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.08) were independently associated with DR. CONCLUSION: Earlier diagnosis of diabetes and DR can help to control some of these factors and prevent further complications and vision loss. Population-based educational programs on diabetes and diabetic retinopathy and continuous medical education on diabetes management can improve diabetes care and self-management and prevent eye complications.

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Metadata

Authors
Giloyan, A., Harutyunyan, T., & Petrosyan, V.
Affiliations
American University of Armenia (AM)
Corresponding author
  • Giloyan, Aida
  • Harutyunyan, Tsovinar
  • Petrosyan, Varduhi
ORCID
Venue
BMC Ophthalmology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2015-04-30
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
46-46
ISSN
1471-2415 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12886-015-0032-0
PMC
PMC4440508
OpenAlex
W2054236165
Cited by
36
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2016: 3
FWCI
2.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • BMC Ophthalmology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Retinal Imaging and Analysis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
Keywords
diabetic retinopathy, prevalence, risk factors, insulin therapy, diabetes duration, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, blood glucose, diabetes complications, blindness prevention
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Armenia, Blindness, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetic Retinopathy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Ophthalmoscopy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Young Adult

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