Associations between lifestyle behaviours and optimal wellbeing in a diverse sample of New Zealand adults
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: In positive psychology optimal wellbeing is considered a broad, multi-dimensional construct encompassing both feelings and functioning. Yet, this notion of wellbeing has not been translated into public health. The purpose of this study is to integrate public health and positive psychology to determine associations between lifestyle behaviours and optimal wellbeing in a diverse sample of New Zealand adults. METHODS: A web-based survey design was employed to collect data. Participants reported on their wellbeing and lifestyle behaviours including nutrition, exercise, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Optimal wellbeing was calculated using a multi-dimensional scale designed to mirror the internationally recognised diagnostic criteria for mental disorders. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate associations between 10 lifestyle behaviours and optimal wellbeing. RESULTS: Of the total sample (n = 9514), 24 % met the criteria for optimal wellbeing. Compared to reference groups, the association with optimal wellbeing was greater for those who reported exercising ≥ 7 times/week (odds ratio: 1.61, 95 % confidence interval: 1.22-2.13, p < 0.01) and sitting "almost none of the time" (1.87, 1.01-3.29, p < 0.01). Optimal wellbeing was lower for those reporting restless sleep "almost all of the time" (0.24, 95 % CI: 0.17-0.32 p < 0.01) and consuming sugary drinks 5-6 times/week (0.73, 95 % CI: 0.53-0.95, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Public health and positive psychology were integrated to provide support for a relationship between lifestyle behaviours and a multi-dimensional measure of optimal wellbeing. It is likely this relationship between lifestyle behaviours and optimal wellbeing is bidirectional giving rise to the debate that holistic approaches are needed to promote positive health.
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Positive psychological well-being (PPWB) is associated with improved physical health, mental well-being, and healthy behaviors.
“Positive psychological well‐being (PPWB) is associated with improved physical health, mental well‐being, and healthy behaviors. 1”
From Positive psychological well-being in women with obesity: A scoping review of qualitative and quantitative primary research (2022) · cites this paper as [1]
The Conclusion (page unavailable) reports associations between optimal wellbeing and healthy behaviours, including exercise, sleep and sedentary behaviour. The Background describes optimal wellbeing in terms of positive mental functioning, but the paper does not establish a separate association with improved mental wellbeing. Nor does it show that positive psychological wellbeing is associated with improved physical health; it reports an association with BMI, not improvement in physical health. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Prendergast, K. B., Schofield, G. M., & Mackay, L. M.
- Affiliations
- Auckland University of Technology (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Prendergast, Kate B.
- Venue
- BMC Public Health
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 62-62
- ISSN
- 1471-2458 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4722793
- OpenAlex
- W2258957433
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 3.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
- Keywords
- lifestyle habits, positive psychology, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep quality, restless sleep, sugar-sweetened beverages, nutrition, mental health, New Zealand adults
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Diet, Female, Health Status, Humans, Life Style, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, New Zealand, Socioeconomic Factors, Health Behavior, Exercise, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Young Adult, Sedentary Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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