The effect of acute exercise on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and cognitive function.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of a family of neurotrophic factors that participates in neuronal transmission, modulation and plasticity. Previous studies using animals have demonstrated that acute and chronic exercise leads to increases in BDNF in various brain regions. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of acute exercise on serum BDNF levels in humans, and to determine the relationship between exercise intensity and BDNF responses. Additionally, the relationship between changes in BDNF and cognitive function was examined. METHODS: Fifteen subjects (25.4 +/- 1.01 yr; 11 male, 4 female) performed a graded exercise test (GXT) for the determination of VO2max and ventilatory threshold (VTh) on a cycle ergometer. On separate days, two subsequent 30-min endurance rides were performed at 20% below the VTh (VTh - 20) and at 10% above the VTh (VTh + 10). Serum BDNF and cognitive function were determined before and after the GXT and endurance rides with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the Stroop tests, respectively. RESULTS: The mean VO2max was 2805.8 +/- 164.3 mL x min(-1) (104.2 +/- 7.0% pred). BDNF values (pg x mL(-1)) increased from baseline (P<0.05) after exercise at the VTh + 10 (13%) and the GXT (30%). There was no significant change in BDNF from baseline after the VTh - 20. Changes in BDNF did not correlate with VO2max during the GXT, but they did correlate with changes in lactate (r=0.57; P<0.05). Cognitive function scores improved after all exercise conditions, but they did not correlate with BDNF changes. CONCLUSION: BDNF levels in humans are significantly elevated in response to exercise, and the magnitude of increase is exercise intensity dependent. Given that BDNF can transit the blood-brain barrier in both directions, the intensity-dependent findings may aid in designing exercise prescriptions for maintaining or improving neurological health.
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Peripheral blood lactate levels are associated with peripheral serum BDNF levels.
“findings of peripheral blood lactate levels being associated with the peripheral serum BDNF levels (Ferris et al., 2007; Schiffer et al., 2011)”
From Dose-Response Matters! - A Perspective on the Exercise Prescription in Exercise-Cognition Research (2019) · cites this paper as Ferris et al., 2007
In human adults, physical exercise increases BDNF levels, enhances cognitive performance, and promotes brain health.
“Physical exercise has also been reported to increase BDNF levels (Ferris, Williams, & Shen, 2007; Gold et al., 2003; Rasmussen et al., 2009; Seifert et al., 2010; Strohle et al., 2010; Tang, Chu, Hui, Helmeste, & Law, 2008; Zoladz et al., 2008), enhance cognitive performance (Baker et al., 2010; Ferris et al., 2007; Laurin, Verreault, Lindsay, MacPherson, & Rockwood, 2001), and to promote brain”
From The influences of environmental enrichment, cognitive enhancement, and physical exercise on brain development: Can we alter the developmental trajectory of ADHD? (2011) · cites this paper as Ferris, Williams, & Shen, 2007
Physical exercise can increase circulating BDNF levels in healthy humans and in patients with multiple sclerosis.
“Recent studies have demonstrated that physical exercise can increase circulating BDNF levels in both healthy humans [19,20] and patients with multiple sclerosis [21], although the cellular origin of this increase is unclear.”
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Halperin, J. M., Berwid, O. G., & O’Neill, S. (2014) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2014.05.005 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Fiorelli, C. M., Ciolac, E. G., Simieli, L., Silva, F. A., Fernandes, B., Christofoletti, G., & Barbieri, F. A. (2019) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2018-0189 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Nicolini, C., Michalski, B., Toepp, S. L., Turco, C. V., D'Hoine, T., Harasym, D., Gibala, M. J., Fahnestock, M., & Nelson, A. J. (2020) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.03.042 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Acute aerobic exercise leads to increased plasma levels of R- and S-β-aminoisobutyric acid in humans
Stautemas, J., Van Kuilenburg, A. B. P., Stroomer, L., Vaz, F., Blancquaert, L., Lefevere, F. B. D., Everaert, I., & Derave, W. (2019) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01240 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Prendergast, K. B., Schofield, G. M., & Mackay, L. M. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2755-0 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Exercise does not protect against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in BDNF happloinsufficent mice
Gerecke, K. M., Jiao, Y., Pagala, V., & Smeyne, R. J. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043250 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
High-Intensity Aerobic Exercise Acutely Increases Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor
ROSS, R. E., SALADIN, M. E., GEORGE, M. S., & GREGORY, C. M. (2019) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001969 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Effects of exercise-induced apelin on muscle function and cognitive function in aged mice
Kwak, S. E., Cho, S. C., Bae, J. H., Lee, J., Shin, H. E., Di Zhang, D., Lee, Y.-I., & Song, W. (2019) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2019.110710 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Mora‐Gonzalez, J., Rodríguez‐López, C., Cadenas‐Sanchez, C., Herrador‐Colmenero, M., Esteban‐Cornejo, I., Huertas‐Delgado, F. J., Ardoy, D. N., Ortega, F. B., & Chillón, P. (2017) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.13679 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
- Authors
- FERRIS, L. T., WILLIAMS, J. S., & SHEN, C.-L.
- Affiliations
- Texas Tech University (US)
- Center for Health, Exercise and Sport Sciences (RS)
- ORCID
- SHEN, CHWAN-LI
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 2007-04
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 728-734
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2006000330
- Cited by
- 849
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 72 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 21.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- brain-derived neurotrophic factor, acute exercise, serum BDNF, cognitive function, exercise intensity, ventilatory threshold, incremental exercise test, endurance exercise, blood-brain barrier, lactate, neurotrophic factors, exercise prescription
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cognition, Physical Exertion, Female, Humans, Male, Texas, Exercise, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Serum
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