Assessing the implementation of nurse practitioner-led huddles in long-term care using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)
Open accessAbstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic created major challenges in long-term care (LTC) homes across Canada and globally. A nurse practitioner-led interdisciplinary huddle intervention was developed to support staff wellbeing in two LTC homes in Ontario, Canada. The objective of this study was to identify the constructs strongly influencing the process of implementation of huddles across both sites, capturing the overall barriers and facilitators and the intervention’s intrinsic properties. Methods: Nineteen participants were interviewed about their experiences, pre-, post-, and during huddle implementation. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to guide data collection and analysis. CFIR rating rules and a cross-comparison analysis was used to identify differentiating factors between sites. A novel extension to the CFIR analysis process was designed to assess commonly influential factors across both sites. Results: Nineteen of twenty selected CFIR constructs were coded in interviews from both sites. Five constructs were determined to be strongly influential across both implementation sites and a detailed description is provided: evidence strength and quality; needs and resources of those served by the organization; leadership engagement; relative priority; and champions. A summary of ratings and an illustrative quote are provided for each construct. Conclusion: Successful huddles require long-term care leaders to consider their involvement, the inclusion all team members to help build relationships and foster cohesion, and the integration of nurse practitioners as full-time staff members within LTC homes to support staff and facilitate initiatives for wellbeing. This research provides an example of a novel approach using the CFIR methodology, extending its use to identify significant factors for implementation when it is not possible to compare differences in success.
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Managers' sub-practice of acting as an exemplar was realised by prioritising IPC.
“prioritising IPC (Wills et al. 2023)”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
In Results, under “Leaders ‘running on quicksand’” (page unavailable), staff describe leaders as role models in setting aside time for huddles. That supports the exemplar aspect, but the passage concerns huddles, not managers prioritising IPC; our copy does not establish that specific practice. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSufficient communication by managers connected employees with one another.
“connected employees with one another (Wills et al. 2023)”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
The Results (Inner Setting: Culture) quote a participant saying leadership wanted staff to connect and that staff needed to know what was happening to do so. The Discussion suggests that direct communication from leadership could address a disconnect with staff. Neither passage establishes that managers’ communication actually connected employees with one another. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIPC was enhanced when managers participated in discussions about the roles and responsibilities of different professional groups.
“IPC was enhanced when managers participated in discussions about the roles and responsibilities of different professional groups (Wills et al. 2023)”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
In Results, “Leaders ‘running on quicksand’” (page not provided), participants said managers should attend huddles when topics concerned managers’ responsibilities, and that their participation could help resolve communication issues. The paper also describes interdisciplinary problem-solving in huddles, but it does not report that IPC was enhanced specifically when managers discussed the roles and responsibilities of different professional groups. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredManagers were reported to have failed to prioritise IPC due to other assignments.
“Managers were reported to have failed to prioritise IPC due to other assignments (Wills et al. 2023).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
The Results section (“Leaders ‘running on quicksand’”; page unavailable) reports that competing responsibilities made the huddles a lower priority for managers. It does not establish that managers failed to prioritise infection prevention and control (IPC); the intervention studied was staff huddles. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredManagers' sub-practice of engagement enhanced IPC.
“Managers' sub-practice of engagement enhanced IPC (Costa et al. 2014;Wills et al. 2023).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
The Results (“Leaders ‘running on quicksand’”; page unavailable) say participants expected managers’ involvement in huddles to help staff communicate and resolve concerns. The paper also reports that huddles supported interdisciplinary connection, but it does not establish that managers’ engagement enhanced IPC; leadership involvement was limited, and some staff were less open when managers attended. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Presence of management enhances interprofessional collaboration.
“Presence of management”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
In Results (‘Leaders “running on quicksand”’; page unavailable), participants said management attendance could help resolve issues raised in interdisciplinary huddles and encourage staff participation. The paper reports these as participants’ perceptions, not an established effect; it also notes that staff were sometimes less open when managers attended. Results (‘An opportunity to speak & be heard’; page unavailable) attributes improved connection between disciplines to the huddles, rather than specifically to management’s presence. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredRolemodelling participation to interprofessional collaboration enhances interprofessional collaboration.
“Rolemodelling participation to IPC”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
In Results, under “Leaders ‘running on quicksand’” (page unavailable), staff describe leaders as role models for making time to attend interdisciplinary huddles and suggest leadership participation would encourage staff participation. Another Results passage says huddles helped staff connect across disciplines. The paper does not establish that role-modelling participation itself enhances interprofessional collaboration. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPrioritising interprofessional collaboration enhances interprofessional collaboration.
“Prioritising IPC”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
In Results (‘An opportunity to speak & be heard’; page not provided), staff described interdisciplinary huddles as improving communication and team building. The paper does not establish that prioritising interprofessional collaboration itself enhances collaboration; it reports participants’ perceptions of a specific huddle intervention. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredInsufficient engagement to interdisciplinary procedure hinders interprofessional collaboration.
“Insufficient engagement to interdisciplinary procedure”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
The Results (no page supplied) report that without a supervisor’s buy-in, interdisciplinary huddles may not happen; they also describe huddles as helping staff connect across disciplines. This supports the claim in the specific context of long-term-care huddles, but does not establish that insufficient engagement with interdisciplinary procedures generally hinders interprofessional collaboration. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredInsufficient engagement in IPC hindered IPC.
“Insufficient engagement in IPC (Wills et al. 2023) and poor familiarity with employees' roles (Porat-Dahlerbruch et al. 2023) hindered IPC.”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Wills et al. 2023
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review
Kamppila, H., Czabanowska, K., Kämäräinen, P., Younas, A., & Kvist, T. (2026) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.70543 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wills, A., Krassikova, A., Keatings, M., Escrig-Pinol, A., Bethell, J., & McGilton, K. S.
- Affiliations
- University Health Network (CA)
- Corresponding author
- McGilton, Katherine S.
- Venue
- BMC Nursing
- Published
- 2023-06-07
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 193-193
- ISSN
- 1472-6955 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10245368
- OpenAlex
- W4379769552
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 1.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMC Nursing (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- uO Research (University of Ottawa) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (SPP – 174086)
- Canadian Foundation for Healthcare Improvement (SPP – 174086)
- Centre for Aging + Brain Health Innovation (SPP – 174086)
- Walter & Maria Schroeder Institute for Brain Innovation and Recovery (Walter & Maria Schroeder Institute for Brain Innovation and Recovery)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Sciences Research and Education
- Keywords
- long-term care facilities, implementation barriers and facilitators, employee well-being, multidisciplinary team meetings, leadership engagement, champions, relative priority, Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, COVID-19 pandemic
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