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The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation

Open access
Yang, Junxing, Chen, Xiaoli, Bai, Jie, Fang, Dongming, Qiu, Ying, Jiang, Wansheng, Yuan, Hui, Bian, Chao, Lu, Jiang, He, Shiyang, Pan, Xiaofu, Zhang, Yaolei, Wang, Xiaoai, You, Xinxin, Wang, Yongsi, Sun, Ying, Mao, Danqing, Liu, Yong, Fan, Guangyi, Zhang, He, Chen, Xiaoyong, Zhang, Xinhui, Zheng, Lanping, Wang, Jintu, Cheng, Le, Chen, Jieming, Ruan, Zhiqiang, Li, Jia, Yu, Hui, Peng, Chao, Ma, Xingyu, Xu, Junmin, He, You, Xu, Zhengfeng, Xu, Pao, Wang, Jian, Yang, Huanming, Wang, Jun, Whitten, Tony, Xu, Xun, Shi, Qiong·2016·BMC Biology

Abstract

BACKGROUND: An emerging cavefish model, the cyprinid genus Sinocyclocheilus, is endemic to the massive southwestern karst area adjacent to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China. In order to understand whether orogeny influenced the evolution of these species, and how genomes change under isolation, especially in subterranean habitats, we performed whole-genome sequencing and comparative analyses of three species in this genus, S. grahami, S. rhinocerous and S. anshuiensis. These species are surface-dwelling, semi-cave-dwelling and cave-restricted, respectively. RESULTS: The assembled genome sizes of S. grahami, S. rhinocerous and S. anshuiensis are 1.75 Gb, 1.73 Gb and 1.68 Gb, respectively. Divergence time and population history analyses of these species reveal that their speciation and population dynamics are correlated with the different stages of uplifting of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. We carried out comparative analyses of these genomes and found that many genetic changes, such as gene loss (e.g. opsin genes), pseudogenes (e.g. crystallin genes), mutations (e.g. melanogenesis-related genes), deletions (e.g. scale-related genes) and down-regulation (e.g. circadian rhythm pathway genes), are possibly associated with the regressive features (such as eye degeneration, albinism, rudimentary scales and lack of circadian rhythms), and that some gene expansion (e.g. taste-related transcription factor gene) may point to the constructive features (such as enhanced taste buds) which evolved in these cave fishes. CONCLUSION: As the first report on cavefish genomes among distinct species in Sinocyclocheilus, our work provides not only insights into genetic mechanisms of cave adaptation, but also represents a fundamental resource for a better understanding of cavefish biology.

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Metadata

Authors
Yang, J., Chen, X., Bai, J., Fang, D., Qiu, Y., Jiang, W., Yuan, H., Bian, C., Lu, J., He, S., Pan, X., Zhang, Y., Wang, X., You, X., Wang, Y., Sun, Y., Mao, D., Liu, Y., Fan, G., Zhang, H., Chen, X., Zhang, X., Zheng, L., Wang, J., Cheng, L., Chen, J., Ruan, Z., Li, J., Yu, H., Peng, C., Ma, X., Xu, J., He, Y., Xu, Z., Xu, P., Wang, J., Yang, H., Wang, J., Whitten, T., Xu, X., & Shi, Q.
Venue
BMC Biology
Published
2016-01-04
Volume
14
Issue
1
Pages
1-1
ISSN
1741-7007 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2232237847
Cited by
378
References
11
FWCI
33.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1186/s12915-015-0223-4
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Yang, J., Chen, X., Bai, J., Fang, D., Qiu, Y., Jiang, W., Yuan, H., Bian, C., Lu, J., He, S., Pan, X., Zhang, Y., Wang, X., You, X., Wang, Y., Sun, Y., Mao, D., Liu, Y., Fan, G., . . . Shi, Q. (2016). The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation. BMC Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-015-0223-4

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