Are multifaceted interventions more effective than single-component interventions in changing health-care professionals' behaviours? An overview of systematic reviews
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: One of the greatest challenges in healthcare is how to best translate research evidence into clinical practice, which includes how to change health-care professionals' behaviours. A commonly held view is that multifaceted interventions are more effective than single-component interventions. The purpose of this study was to conduct an overview of systematic reviews to evaluate the effectiveness of multifaceted interventions in comparison to single-component interventions in changing health-care professionals' behaviour in clinical settings. METHODS: The Rx for Change database, which consists of quality-appraised systematic reviews of interventions to change health-care professional behaviour, was used to identify systematic reviews for the overview. Dual, independent screening and data extraction was conducted. Included reviews used three different approaches (of varying methodological robustness) to evaluate the effectiveness of multifaceted interventions: (1) effect size/dose-response statistical analyses, (2) direct (non-statistical) comparisons of multifaceted to single interventions and (3) indirect comparisons of multifaceted to single interventions. RESULTS: Twenty-five reviews were included in the overview. Three reviews provided effect size/dose-response statistical analyses of the effectiveness of multifaceted interventions; no statistical evidence of a relationship between the number of intervention components and the effect size was found. Eight reviews reported direct (non-statistical) comparisons of multifaceted to single-component interventions; four of these reviews found multifaceted interventions to be generally effective compared to single interventions, while the remaining four reviews found that multifaceted interventions had either mixed effects or were generally ineffective compared to single interventions. Twenty-three reviews indirectly compared the effectiveness of multifaceted to single interventions; nine of which also reported either a statistical (dose-response) analysis (N = 2) or a non-statistical direct comparison (N = 7). The majority (N = 15) of reviews reporting indirect comparisons of multifaceted to single interventions showed similar effectiveness for multifaceted and single interventions when compared to controls. Of the remaining eight reviews, six found single interventions to be generally effective while multifaceted had mixed effectiveness. CONCLUSION: This overview of systematic reviews offers no compelling evidence that multifaceted interventions are more effective than single-component interventions.
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The current study provides foundational support for developing a multifaceted implementation strategy specifically for ASD-CBOs.
“The current study provides foundational support for developing a multifaceted implementation strategy (e.g., combining a number of discrete implementation strategies) specifically for ASD-CBOs (Proctor et al., 2013; Squires et al., 2014).”
From Implementation-as-Usual in Community-Based Organizations Providing Specialized Services to Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Mixed Methods Study (2021) · cites this paper as Squires et al., 2014
The evidence regarding the superiority of multifaceted and tailored implementation strategies to single-component strategies has been mixed.
“While the use of multifaceted and tailored implementation strategies is intuitive and has considerable face validity (29), the evidence regarding their superiority to single-component strategies has been mixed (37, 39, 40).”
From Enhancing the Impact of Implementation Strategies in Healthcare: A Research Agenda (2019) · cites this paper as [39]
A review of 25 systematic reviews found no compelling evidence that multifaceted interventions are more effective than single-component interventions.
“A review of 25 systematic reviews (39) found “no compelling evidence that multifaceted interventions are more effective than single-component interventions” (p. 20).”
From Enhancing the Impact of Implementation Strategies in Healthcare: A Research Agenda (2019) · cites this paper as [39]
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- Authors
- Squires, J. E., Sullivan, K., Eccles, M. P., Worswick, J., & Grimshaw, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (CA)
- Newcastle University (GB)
- Cochrane Canada (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Squires, Janet E
- Venue
- Implementation Science
- Published
- 2014-10-06
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 152-152
- ISSN
- 1748-5908 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4194373
- OpenAlex
- W2140663693
- Cited by
- 368
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 5.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Implementation Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- uO Research (University of Ottawa) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity) (cc-by)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Sciences Research and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Keywords
- multicomponent intervention, clinical practice change, evidence-to-practice translation, intervention effectiveness, dose-response relationship, indirect comparison
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Research Design, Translational Research, Biomedical
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