The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Rapid and sensitive detection of genome contamination at scale with FCS-GX
Open accessAbstract
Assembled genome sequences are being generated at an exponential rate. Here we present FCS-GX, part of NCBI’s Foreign Contamination Screen (FCS) tool suite, optimized to identify and remove contaminant sequences in new genomes. FCS-GX screens most genomes in 0.1–10 min. Testing FCS-GX on artificially fragmented genomes demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for diverse contaminant species. We used FCS-GX to screen 1.6 million GenBank assemblies and identified 36.8 Gbp of contamination, comprising 0.16% of total bases, with half from 161 assemblies. We updated assemblies in NCBI RefSeq to reduce detected contamination to 0.01% of bases. FCS-GX is available at https://github.com/ncbi/fcs/ or https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10651084 .
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Basic local alignment search tool
Altschul, S. F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E. W., & Lipman, D. J. (1990) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1006/jmbi.1990.9999 · Cited by 98,669
Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs
Altschul, S. (1997) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/25.17.3389 · Cited by 73,302
BLAST+: architecture and applications
Camacho, C., Coulouris, G., Avagyan, V., Ma, N., Papadopoulos, J., Bealer, K., & Madden, T. L. (2009) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-10-421 · Cited by 22,074
O'Leary, N. A., Wright, M. W., Brister, J. R., Ciufo, S., Haddad, D., McVeigh, R., Rajput, B., Robbertse, B., Smith-White, B., Ako-Adjei, D., et al. (2016) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1189 · Cited by 6,357
Self-citationSeqKit: A Cross-Platform and Ultrafast Toolkit for FASTA/Q File Manipulation
Shen, W., Le, S., Li, Y., & Hu, F. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0163962 · Cited by 3,380
NCBI Taxonomy: a comprehensive update on curation, resources and tools
Schoch, C. L., Ciufo, S., Domrachev, M., Hotton, C. L., Kannan, S., Khovanskaya, R., Leipe, D., Mcveigh, R., O’Neill, K., Robbertse, B., et al. (2020) · Database · doi:10.1093/database/baaa062 · Cited by 2,635
BlobToolKit – Interactive Quality Assessment of Genome Assemblies
Challis, R., Richards, E., Rajan, J., Cochrane, G., & Blaxter, M. (2020) · G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics · doi:10.1534/g3.119.400908 · Cited by 2,610
Opportunities and challenges in long-read sequencing data analysis
Amarasinghe, S. L., Su, S., Dong, X., Zappia, L., Ritchie, M. E., & Gouil, Q. (2020) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-020-1935-5 · Cited by 2,530
BLAST: at the core of a powerful and diverse set of sequence analysis tools
McGinnis, S., & Madden, T. L. (2004) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkh435 · Cited by 2,169
Federhen, S. (2012) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkr1178 · Cited by 1,436 · cited 5×
“The FCS-GX classification system uses eight larger taxonomic “kingdoms”: animals (Metazoa), plants (Viridiplantae), Fungi, protists (other Eukaryota), Bacteria, Archaea, Viruses, and Synthetic [21, 22].”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Cited by
NCBI RefSeq: reference sequence standards through 25 years of curation and annotation
Goldfarb, T., Kodali, V. K., Pujar, S., Brover, V., Robbertse, B., Farrell, C. M., Oh, D.-H., Astashyn, A., Ermolaeva, O., Haddad, D., et al. (2025) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkae1038 · Cited by 455
Self-citationParallel gene expansions drive rapid dietary adaptation in herbivorous woodrats
Klure, D. M., Greenhalgh, R., Orr, T. J., Shapiro, M. D., & Dearing, M. D. (2025) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adp7978 · Cited by 17
Molecular mechanisms of plastic biodegradation by the fungus Clonostachys rosea
Gambarini, V., Pavlov, N., Young, P., Dawes, S., Auffret, A., Kingsbury, J. M., Donaldson, L. A., Smith, D. A., Weaver, L., Pantos, O., et al. (2025) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00335-25 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Astashyn, A., Tvedte, E. S., Sweeney, D., Sapojnikov, V., Bouk, N., Joukov, V., Mozes, E., Strope, P. K., Sylla, P. M., Wagner, L., Bidwell, S. L., Brown, L. C., Clark, K., Davis, E. W., Smith-White, B., Hlavina, W., Pruitt, K. D., Schneider, V. A., & Murphy, T. D.
- Venue
- Genome Biology
- Published
- 2024-02-26
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 60-60
- ISSN
- 1465-6906 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-760X
- OpenAlex
- W4392155646
- Cited by
- 469
- References
- 36
- FWCI
- 54.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Rapid and sensitive detection of genome contamination at scale with FCS-GX. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1186/s13059-024-03198-7
- The paper
- Astashyn, A., Tvedte, E. S., Sweeney, D., Sapojnikov, V., Bouk, N., Joukov, V., Mozes, E., Strope, P. K., Sylla, P. M., Wagner, L., Bidwell, S. L., Brown, L. C., Clark, K., Davis, E. W., Smith-White, B., Hlavina, W., Pruitt, K. D., Schneider, V. A., & Murphy, T. D. (2024). Rapid and sensitive detection of genome contamination at scale with FCS-GX. Genome Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-024-03198-7
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.