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Parallel gene expansions drive rapid dietary adaptation in herbivorous woodrats

Klure, Dylan M., Greenhalgh, Robert, Orr, Teri J., Shapiro, Michael D., Dearing, M. Denise·2025·Science
DOI 10.1126/science.adp7978PMC PMC12172070
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Abstract

How mammalian herbivores evolve to feed on chemically defended plants remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the adaptation of two species of woodrats ( Neotoma lepida and N. bryanti ) to creosote bush ( Larrea tridentata ), a toxic shrub that expanded across the southwestern United States after the Last Glacial Maximum. We found that creosote-adapted woodrats have elevated gene dosage across multiple biotransformation enzyme families. These duplication events occurred independently across species and substantially increase expression of biotransformation genes, especially within the glucuronidation pathway. We propose that increased gene dosage resulting from duplication is an important mechanism by which animals initially adapt to novel environmental pressures.

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  • An increase in the number of copies of a genetic element can lead to increased expression levels, which in turn can produce a substantial change in a trait.

    “For example, an increase in the number of copies of a genetic element can lead to increased expression levels, which in turn can produce a substantial change in a trait (Klure et al. 2025) (Fig. 2c).”

    From From Trees to Traits: A Review of Advances in PhyloG2P Methods and Future Directions (2025) · cites this paper as Klure et al. 2025

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Metadata

Authors
Klure, D. M., Greenhalgh, R., Orr, T. J., Shapiro, M. D., & Dearing, M. D.
Affiliations
School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
ORCID
Venue
Science
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published
2025-01-10
Volume
387
Issue
6730
Pages
156-162
ISSN
  • 0036-8075
  • 1095-9203
DOI
10.1126/science.adp7978
PMC
PMC12172070
Cited by
17
References
2
Language
en

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