Sirtuin functions and modulation: from chemistry to the clinic
Open accessAbstract
Sirtuins are NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylases regulating important metabolic pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and are involved in many biological processes such as cell survival, senescence, proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair, cell metabolism, and caloric restriction. The seven members of this family of enzymes are considered potential targets for the treatment of human pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Furthermore, recent interest focusing on sirtuin modulators as epigenetic players in the regulation of fundamental biological pathways has prompted increased efforts to discover new small molecules able to modify sirtuin activity. Here, we review the role, mechanism of action, and biological function of the seven sirtuins, as well as their inhibitors and activators.
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NAD+ levels can be increased by supplying biosynthetic precursors, intermediates, or by inhibiting NAD+ consuming enzymes.
“NAD+ levels can be increased by supplying biosynthetic precursors, intermediates, or by inhibiting NAD+ consuming enzymes [reviewed in Carafa et al.260)].”
From Metabolic Flexibility as an Adaptation to Energy Resources and Requirements in Health and Disease (2018) · cites this paper as [260]
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Extranuclear Sirtuins and Metabolic Stress
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- Authors
- Carafa, V., Rotili, D., Forgione, M., Cuomo, F., Serretiello, E., Hailu, G. S., Jarho, E., Lahtela-Kakkonen, M., Mai, A., & Altucci, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (IT)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Italian Institute of Technology (IT)
- University of Eastern Finland (FI)
- Istituto Pasteur (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Mai, Antonello
- Altucci, Lucia
- ORCID
- Venue
- Clinical Epigenetics
- Published
- 2016-05-25
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 61-61
- ISSN
- 1868-7075 (ISSN-L)
- 1868-7083
- PMC
- PMC4879741
- OpenAlex
- W2405840972
- Cited by
- 387
- References
- 119
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 2.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Clinical Epigenetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UEF eRepo (University of Eastern Finland) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (submittedVersion)
- Iris (Roma Tre University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- EU-Blueprint (282510)
- EU-A-PARADDISE (602080)
- EU-Cost action EPICHEMBIO (CM1406)
- PRIN-2012
- AIRC (17217)
- AIRC-Fondazione Cariplo TRIDEO (17515)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Keywords
- sirtuins, NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, sirtuin inhibitors, sirtuin activators, small molecule modulators, epigenetic regulation, caloric restriction, aging, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, cellular metabolism, apoptosis, DNA repair
- MeSH terms
- Cell Survival, DNA Repair, Enzyme Inhibitors, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Cellular Senescence, Sirtuins, Epigenesis, Genetic, Cell Proliferation
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