Sirt3 mediates reduction of oxidative damage and prevention of age-related hearing loss under caloric restriction
Open accessAbstract
Caloric restriction (CR) extends the life span and health span of a variety of species and slows the progression of age-related hearing loss (AHL), a common age-related disorder associated with oxidative stress. Here, we report that CR reduces oxidative DNA damage in multiple tissues and prevents AHL in wild-type mice but fails to modify these phenotypes in mice lacking the mitochondrial deacetylase Sirt3, a member of the sirtuin family. In response to CR, Sirt3 directly deacetylates and activates mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (Idh2), leading to increased NADPH levels and an increased ratio of reduced-to-oxidized glutathione in mitochondria. In cultured cells, overexpression of Sirt3 and/or Idh2 increases NADPH levels and protects from oxidative stress-induced cell death. Therefore, our findings identify Sirt3 as an essential player in enhancing the mitochondrial glutathione antioxidant defense system during CR and suggest that Sirt3-dependent mitochondrial adaptations may be a central mechanism of aging retardation in mammals.
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SIRT3 is essential for caloric restriction-mediated mitigation of oxidative damage by regulating the glutathione antioxidant system, thereby regulating senescence-associated pathologies propagated by oxidative stress.
“SIRT3 is also essential for the caloric restriction-mediated mitigation of oxidative damage by regulating the glutathione antioxidant system, thereby regulating senescence-associated pathologies propagated by oxidative stress [209].”
From Redox control of senescence and age-related disease. (2017) · cites this paper as [209]
SIRT3 deacetylates manganese superoxide dismutase and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2.
“The mitochondrial SIRT3 deacetylates two of these enzymes: manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) (Tao et al. 2010) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2)(Someya et al. 2010).”
From The Mitochondrial Acylome Emerges: Proteomics, Regulation by Sirtuins, and Metabolic and Disease Implications (2018) · cites this paper as Someya et al. 2010
SIRT3 is necessary for the protective effect of calorie restriction on age-related hearing loss.
“Remarkably, SIRT3 is necessary for the protective effect of calorie restriction on age-related hearing loss supporting a key role for SIRT3-dependent mitochondrial adaptations against aging in mammals (Someya et al. 2010).”
From The Mitochondrial Acylome Emerges: Proteomics, Regulation by Sirtuins, and Metabolic and Disease Implications (2018) · cites this paper as Someya et al. 2010
Many protective features of the calorie-restriction response, including resistance to oxidative stress and reduced hearing loss, require SIRT3.
“SIRT3 is required for many protective aspects of this adaptive shift ((Someya et al. 2010); (Qiu et al. 2010); (Amigo et al. 2017)), such as oxidative stress resistance and attenuated hearing loss.”
From The Mitochondrial Acylome Emerges: Proteomics, Regulation by Sirtuins, and Metabolic and Disease Implications (2018) · cites this paper as Someya et al. 2010
Two enzymes involved in ROS detoxification, MnSOD and IDH2, are direct targets of SirT3.
“Recently, two enzymes that have a role in the detoxification of ROS were demonstrated to be direct targets of SirT3 (Qiu et al., 2010; Someya et al., 2010; Tao et al., 2010).”
From SirT3 suppresses hypoxia inducible factor 1α and tumor growth by inhibiting mitochondrial ROS production (2011) · cites this paper as Someya et al., 2010
SIRT3 activity may decrease oxidative damage by increasing mitochondrial NADPH to allow for GR and TrxR reduction of GSH and oxidized Trx, respectively.
“Thus, SIRT3 activity may decrease oxidative damage by increasing mitochondrial NADPH to allow for GR and TrxR reduction of GSH and oxidized Trx, respectively (394).”
From Redox regulation of mitochondrial function (2012) · cites this paper as [394]
Mitochondrial SIRT3 modulates mitochondrial function, possibly by targeting deacetylation of mitochondrial complex I or other mitochondrial proteins, including ICDH-2, a potential source for NADPH.
“The mitochondrial SIRT3 has been found to modulate mitochondrial function, possibly by targeting the deacetylation of mitochondrial complex I or other mitochondrial proteins, including ICDH-2, a potential source for NADPH (6, 389, 394).”
From Redox regulation of mitochondrial function (2012) · cites this paper as [394]
SIRT3 has been suggested to mediate some longevity benefits of calorie restriction through targeting and deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins.
“Interestingly, SIRT3 has been suggested to be the mediator of some of the longevity benefits of calorie restriction through its targeting and deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins55.”
From Mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction in ageing and age-related diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [55]
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“Mammalian SIRT1, SIRT3 and SIRT6 are induced by calorie restriction and exercise, and their genetic ablation prevents many of the health benefits and longevity provided by these interventions (Boily et al., 2008; Chen et al., 2005; Cohen et al., 2004; Hebert et al., 2013; Qiu et al., 2010; Someya et al., 2010).”
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SIRT3 Deacetylates and Activates OPA1 To Regulate Mitochondrial Dynamics during Stress
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SIRT3 regulation of mitochondrial oxidative stress
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Circadian Clocks and Metabolism
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The sirtuins, oxidative stress and aging: an emerging link
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Mitochondrial sirtuins: regulators of protein acylation and metabolism
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Sirtuin catalysis and regulation
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The Pharmacology of CD38/NADase: An Emerging Target in Cancer and Diseases of Aging
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SIRT3 regulates progression and development of diseases of aging
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SIRT3 deregulation is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
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NAD and the aging process: role in life, death and everything in between
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Protective effects and mechanisms of sirtuins in the nervous system
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Molecular Mechanisms and Genetics of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease
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“A study involving 74 human subjects demonstrated that GSH levels of autopsied brains did not significantly decrease with aging [128].”
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NAD <sup>+</sup> metabolism: A therapeutic target for age-related metabolic disease
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“…in oxidative phosphorylation (Ahn et al., 2008), fatty acid oxidation (Hirschey et al., 2010), ketogenesis (Shimazu et al., 2010), oxidative stress (Someya et al., 2010), glutamate metabolism (Haigis et al., 2006), urea cycle (Nakagawa et al., 2009), as well as several other mitochondrial…”
BackgroundSirt3 promotes antimycobacterial defenses by coordinating mitochondrial and autophagic functions
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SIRT3 regulates mitochondrial protein acetylation and intermediary metabolism
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The effects of dietary restriction on oxidative stress in rodents
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Cytoplasmic and Mitochondrial NADPH-Coupled Redox Systems in the Regulation of Aging
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Extended wakefulness: compromised metabolics in and degeneration of locus ceruleus neurons
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Turn up the power - pharmacological activation of mitochondrial biogenesis in mouse models
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<i>Drosophila</i> Sirt2/mammalian SIRT3 deacetylates ATP synthase β and regulates complex V activity
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- Authors
- Someya, S., Yu, W., Hallows, W. C., Xu, J., Vann, J. M., Leeuwenburgh, C., Tanokura, M., Denu, J. M., & Prolla, T. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- University of Florida (US)
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Denu, John M.
- Prolla, Tomas A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-11
- Volume
- 143
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 802-812
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3018849
- OpenAlex
- W2101580126
- Cited by
- 1,150
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 94 · 2020: 83 · 2019: 72 · 2018: 84 · 2017: 83 · 2016: 86 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 83 · 2013: 99 · 2012: 62
- FWCI
- 27.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 989 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG021905, AG021905, P30AG028740)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM-065386, R01GM065386)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Keywords
- SIRT3, caloric restriction, age-related hearing loss, oxidative stress, oxidative DNA damage, IDH2, NADPH, glutathione, sirtuins, aging
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Antioxidants, DNA Damage, Female, Glutathione, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress, Caloric Restriction, Hearing Loss, Mice, Sirtuin 3
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