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Cited by 29Antibiotic Use and ResistanceMedia Influence and HealthAntibiotic Resistance in Bacteria

The impact of antimicrobial resistance awareness interventions involving schoolchildren, development of an animation and parents engagements: a pilot study

Open access
Appiah, Bernard, Asamoah-Akuoko, Lucy, Samman, Elfreda, Koduah, Augustina, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Ludu, Julius Yaw, Odonkor, Gloria, Nam, Su Hyun +1 more·2022·Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control
DOI 10.1186/s13756-022-01062-6PMC PMC8817549
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Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where antibiotics are widely available to consumers, leading to their misuse. However, AMR educational interventions for engaging parents of schoolchildren are mainly lacking in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess the potential of AMR animation and schoolchildren in influencing parents’ AMR knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs. Methods: Parents of schoolchildren aged 11–15 years in Tema, a city in Ghana, watched and discussed an AMR animation designed with ideas from the schoolchildren’s top stories and picture drawings. The children from two schools were first engaged with AMR lessons, with one school using storytelling, the other school using picture drawing, and none serving as a control. The children were then asked to discuss the lessons with their parents. Baseline surveys of parents of randomly selected children were conducted to assess AMR knowledge, attitudes and beliefs before engaging the students and parents, and immediately after the parents participated in viewing and discussing the animation. McNemar and t-tests were used to assess changes in AMR knowledge, attitudes and beliefs. Results: Parents who participated in the animation event, and whose schoolchildren were in the storytelling intervention school had significantly improved knowledge regarding the statement “Antibiotics will cure any infection” (p = 0.021, χ2 = 0.711; 88% vs 50%) between baseline and endline. However, these parents also had statistically significant decreased scores regarding the statement “Antibiotics do not kill our good bacteria” (p = 0.021, χ2 = 1.042; 71.4% vs 40%) between baseline and endline. There was no significant effect on any statement among parents whose children were in the picture drawing school. However, t-test results combining the statements as composite scores showed statistically significant difference in only the attitude construct among parents whose children participated in storytelling intervention (p = 0.043) or picture drawing intervention (p = 0.019). There were no statistically significant changes in knowledge and beliefs constructs. Conclusions: This study shows that interventions involving schoolchildren with parents engagements and AMR animation could influence parents’ AMR attitudes. The intervention could also positively or negatively impact parents’ AMR knowledge. Modifications of the interventions may be needed for tackling AMR.

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  • Education and awareness initiatives, particularly those targeting schoolchildren and parents, play a vital role in shaping early behaviours toward antibiotic stewardship.

    “Education and awareness initiatives, particularly those targeting schoolchildren and parents, play a vital role in shaping early behaviours toward antibiotic stewardship.29”

    From Public-targeted interventions addressing antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic use in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review (2025) · cites this paper as [29]

    The Introduction says interventions targeting schoolchildren and parents could be key to responsible antibiotic use, citing evidence of improved knowledge, attitudes and some parental behaviour change. But the Discussion says this pilot measured attitudes rather than antibiotic-use behaviours and calls for future studies to test those behaviours. The claim presents their role in shaping early behaviour more definitively than this study establishes. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [1]O’Neill J. Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: final report and recommendations; 2016. http://amr-review.org/sites/default/files/160525_Final%20paper_with%20cover.pdf. Accessed July 1 2021.

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Authors
Appiah, B., Asamoah-Akuoko, L., Samman, E., Koduah, A., Kretchy, I. A., Ludu, J. Y., Odonkor, G., Nam, S. H., & Gyansa-Luterrodt, M.
Affiliations
  • Syracuse University (US)
  • Texas A&M University (US)
  • University of Ghana (GH)
  • The University of Texas at Austin (US)
Corresponding author
Appiah, Bernard
ORCID
Venue
Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2022-02-04
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
26-26
ISSN
2047-2994 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s13756-022-01062-6
PMC
PMC8817549
OpenAlex
W4210314680
Cited by
29
References
25
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 1
FWCI
4.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
wellcome trust (200253/Z/15/Z)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Media Influence and Health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Keywords
antimicrobial resistance, health education intervention, animation, elementary school students, parental involvement, storytelling, picture drawing, attitudes and beliefs, antibiotic misuse, sub-Saharan Africa
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Child, Humans, Parents, Pilot Projects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Drug Resistance, Bacterial

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