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Cited by 164Artificial Intelligence in EducationTechnology Adoption and User BehaviourArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education

Analysis of college students' attitudes toward the use of ChatGPT in their academic activities: effect of intent to use, verification of information and responsible use

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Acosta-Enriquez, Benicio Gonzalo, Arbulú Ballesteros, Marco Agustín, Huamaní Jordan, Olger, López Roca, Carlos, Saavedra Tirado, Karina·2024·BMC Psychology
DOI 10.1186/s40359-024-01764-zPMC PMC11077796

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Abstract

Background: In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has increased worldwide. The launch of the ChatGPT-3 posed great challenges for higher education, given its popularity among university students. The present study aimed to analyze the attitudes of university students toward the use of ChatGPTs in their academic activities. Method: This study was oriented toward a quantitative approach and had a nonexperimental design. An online survey was administered to the 499 participants. Results: The findings of this study revealed a significant association between various factors and attitudes toward the use of the ChatGPT. The higher beta coefficients for responsible use (β=0.806***), the intention to use frequently (β=0.509***), and acceptance (β=0.441***) suggested that these are the strongest predictors of a positive attitude toward ChatGPT. The presence of positive emotions (β=0.418***) also plays a significant role. Conversely, risk (β=-0.104**) and boredom (β=-0.145**) demonstrate a negative yet less decisive influence. These results provide an enhanced understanding of how students perceive and utilize ChatGPTs, supporting a unified theory of user behavior in educational technology contexts. Conclusion: Ease of use, intention to use frequently, acceptance, and intention to verify information influenced the behavioral intention to use ChatGPT responsibly. On the one hand, this study provides suggestions for HEIs to improve their educational curricula to take advantage of the potential benefits of AI and contribute to AI literacy.

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  • None of the existing surveys and adoption studies of student generative AI use has focused on students with disabilities as the primary unit of analysis.

    “None of these, however, has focused on students with disabilities as the primary unit of analysis”

    From The Use of Generative AI by Students with Disabilities in UK Higher Education: A Mixed-Methods Survey of 125 Students (2025) · cites this paper as Acosta-Enriquez et al., 2024

    The Method > Participants section identifies the unit of analysis as university students in a 499-person sample from Peru; it does not identify students with disabilities as the study’s focus. This supports the claim for this survey, but the paper does not establish that none of the other existing surveys or adoption studies focused on students with disabilities. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Acosta-Enriquez, B. G., Arbulú Ballesteros, M. A., Huamaní Jordan, O., López Roca, C., & Saavedra Tirado, K.
Affiliations
National University of Trujillo (PE)
Corresponding author
Acosta-Enriquez, Benicio Gonzalo
ORCID
Acosta-Enriquez, Benicio Gonzalo
Venue
BMC Psychology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2024-05-08
Volume
12
Issue
1
Pages
255-255
ISSN
2050-7283 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s40359-024-01764-z
PMC
PMC11077796
OpenAlex
W4396723652
Cited by
164
References
72
Citations by year
2026: 59 · 2025: 83 · 2024: 22
FWCI
61.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • BMC Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Keywords
ChatGPT, attitudes toward AI, university students, responsible AI use, intention to use, fact-checking, AI literacy, artificial intelligence in higher education, technology acceptance, positive emotions, boredom, risk perception, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Artificial Intelligence, Attitude, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Students, Universities, Educational Technology, Intention, Young Adult

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