B cell depletion or absence does not impede anti-tumor activity of PD-1 inhibitors
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BACKGROUND: PD-1 inhibitors are approved for multiple malignancies and function by stimulating T cells. However, the role of B cells in the anti-tumor activity of these drugs is unknown, as is their activity in patients who have received B cell depleting drugs or with immunoglobulin deficiencies. METHODS: We studied B cell content in 40 melanomas from patients treated with pembrolizumab or nivolumab and assessed the association with response to therapy. Murine MC38 colon cancer and YUMMER1.7 melanoma models were used to determine whether concomitant anti-CD20 antibody injections diminish the anti-tumor effects of anti-PD-1. Results were validated in muMT mice, which lack B cells. RESULTS: B cells were sparse in most melanomas and B cell content was not associated with response to anti-PD-1 or overall survival. Employing MC38 and YUMMER1.7 models, we demonstrated that anti-CD20 antibodies reduce tumor-infiltrating B cells yet had no effect on tumor growth, response to PD-1 inhibition, or survival. In muMT mice, T-cell dependent tumor rejection and anti-PD-1 responses were no different than in wildtype C57BL/6 J mice. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of tumor infiltrating B cell content is not associated with response to anti-PD-1 inhibitors in melanoma. PD-1 inhibitors cause tumor shrinkage in murine cancer models even when B cells are absent or are depleted. PD-1 inhibitors are likely to be active in patients with impaired B cell function, such as patients undergoing B cell depletion with drugs including rituximab for conditions such as B cell malignancies or autoimmune disorders.
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A recent report showed that B-cell depletion or absence had no effect on tumor growth, response to PD-1 inhibition, or survival.
“Reassuringly, a recent report showed that B-cell depletion or absence had no effect on tumor growth, response to PD-1 inhibition, or survival.89”
From Autoimmune diseases and immune-checkpoint inhibitors for cancer therapy: Review of the literature and personalized risk-based prevention strategy (2020) · cites this paper as [89]
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Cgas deficiency promotes tumor growth by supporting B cell persistence and angiogenesisPreprint
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- Authors
- Damsky, W., Jilaveanu, L., Turner, N., Perry, C., Zito, C., Tomayko, M., Leventhal, J., Herold, K., Meffre, E., Bosenberg, M., & Kluger, H. M.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bosenberg, Marcus
- Kluger, Harriet M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2019-06-14
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 153-153
- ISSN
- 2051-1426 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6567557
- OpenAlex
- W2952471974
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 4.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 CA158167, R01 CA227473, P50 CA121974, R01 CA196660, CA204002)
- Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (K24 CA172123)
- Dermatology Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- PD-1 inhibitors, B cells, B-cell depletion, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, melanoma, pembrolizumab, nivolumab, tumor-infiltrating B cells, antitumor immunity, muMT mice, rituximab, antibody deficiency, colon cancer
- MeSH terms
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological, Nivolumab, Aged, Animals, B-Lymphocytes, Colonic Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Male, Melanoma, Melanoma, Experimental, Skin Neoplasms, Cell Line, Tumor, Mice, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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