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Cited by 51Plant Growth Enhancement TechniquesEssential Oils and Antimicrobial ActivityComposting and Vermicomposting Techniques

Humic substances from green compost increase bioactivity and antibacterial properties of essential oils in Basil leaves

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Verrillo, Mariavittoria, Cozzolino, Vincenza, Spaccini, Riccardo, Piccolo, Alessandro·2021·Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture
DOI 10.1186/s40538-021-00226-7
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Abstract

Background: The Essential oils (EOs) are important bioactive secondary metabolites of aromatic plants, such as Basil, and find extensive utilization in pharmaceutical sector as therapeutic agents. A more eco-friendly industrial production of EOs requires new sustainable methods to improve yield and quality of these bioactive compounds in aromatic plants. Here, we evaluated the biostimulation effects of natural organic materials, such as humic substances (HS) extracted from a humified green compost made with artichoke biomasses. Results: The molecular characteristics of HS from green compost were determined by 13 C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy and offline pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and combined to the bioactivity of the EOs extracts to investigate the structural–activity relationship. Basil plants were grown under HS treatments at different concentrations and the yield, the chemical composition and the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were determined for EOs extracted by steam distillation method from Basil leaves. HS showed a positive effect on total extraction yield of the most bioactive EO components, with a progressive enhancement of abundance for eugenol, eucalyptol and geranyl acetate with increasing HS concentrations. Humic biostimulation influenced the EOs antioxidant proprieties, as well as their antimicrobial activity against some common Gram-negative bacterial strains such as Klebsiella pneumoniae. The HS biostimulation of Basil plants was associated to their structural hydrophobic characteristics that may have favoured the interactions with the Basil rhizome and to specific bioactive molecular components, such as a lignin-derived phenols and polar saccharidic and aminoacidic compounds. Conclusions: Our results support the potential use of humic substances from green compost as promising effective biostimulants to improve the production and bioactive properties of EOs in aromatic plants. Graphic Abstract:

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  • The results suggest the efficacy of green compost in enhancing the production of secondary plant metabolites, particularly p-coumaric acid.

    “This suggests the efficacy of green compost in enhancing the production of secondary plant metabolites, particularly p-coumaric acid (Verrillo et al., 2021).”

    From Fava bean plant performance and fertility dynamics in Mars regolith simulant-based substrates for space farming (2025) · cites this paper as Verrillo et al., 2021

    The ‘Basil essential oils (EOs) production’ section reports increased essential-oil yields and effects on secondary metabolites after treatment with humic substances from green compost. It mentions p-coumaric acid only as a possible product of a biosynthetic pathway; it does not report increased p-coumaric acid production. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Authors
Verrillo, M., Cozzolino, V., Spaccini, R., & Piccolo, A.
Affiliations
University of Naples Federico II (IT)
Corresponding author
  • Verrillo, Mariavittoria
  • Spaccini, Riccardo
ORCID
Venue
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2021-05-25
Volume
8
Issue
1
ISSN
2196-5641 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s40538-021-00226-7
OpenAlex
W3165343199
Cited by
51
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 4
FWCI
5.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Growth Enhancement Techniques
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques
Keywords
humic substances, green waste compost, Ocimum basilicum, essential oils, biostimulation, eugenol, 1,8-cineole, geranyl acetate, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, Klebsiella pneumoniae, lignin phenols, structure-activity relationship, aromatic plants

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