The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema and related vision loss
Open accessAbstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision-loss globally. Of an estimated 285 million people with diabetes mellitus worldwide, approximately one third have signs of DR and of these, a further one third of DR is vision-threatening DR, including diabetic macular edema (DME). The identification of established modifiable risk factors for DR such as hyperglycemia and hypertension has provided the basis for risk factor control in preventing onset and progression of DR. Additional research investigating novel risk factors has improved our understanding of multiple biological pathways involved in the pathogenesis of DR and DME, especially those involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. Variations in DR prevalence between populations have also sparked interest in genetic studies to identify loci associated with disease susceptibility. In this review, major trends in the prevalence, incidence, progression and regression of DR and DME are explored, and gaps in literature identified. Established and novel risk factors are also extensively reviewed with a focus on landmark studies and updates from the recent literature.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Effects of Intensive Glucose Lowering in Type 2 Diabetes
(2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0802743 · Cited by 7,888
Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes
(2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0802987 · Cited by 7,397
Global prevalence and major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy
Yau, J. W. Y., Rogers, S. L., Kawasaki, R., Lamoureux, E. L., Kowalski, J. W., Bek, T., Chen, S.-J., Dekker, J. M., Fletcher, A., Grauslund, J., et al. (2012) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc11-1909 · Cited by 4,985
Self-citation(2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200002103420603 · Cited by 1,534
Kinaan, M., Ding, H., & Triggle, C. R. (2015) · Medical Principles and Practice · doi:10.1159/000381643 · Cited by 1,515
Effects of medical therapies on retinopathy progression in type 2 diabetes
The ACCORD Study Group and ACCORD Eye Study Group (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1001288 · Cited by 1,311
Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in the United States, 2005-2008
Zhang, X., Saaddine, J. B., Chou, C.-F., Cotch, M. F., Cheng, Y. J., Geiss, L. S., Gregg, E. W., Albright, A. L., Klein, B. E. K., & Klein, R. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1111 · Cited by 1,196
Stratton, I. M., Kohner, E. M., Aldington, S. J., Turner, R. C., Holman, R. R., Manley, S. E., & Matthews, D. R. (2001) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s001250051594 · Cited by 1,019
Long-term follow-up after tight control of blood pressure in type 2 diabetes
Holman, R. R., Paul, S. K., Bethel, M. A., Neil, H. A. W., & Matthews, D. R. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0806359 · Cited by 762
Early Worsening of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial
(1998) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.116.7.874 · Cited by 509
Cited by
Artificial intelligence in healthcare
Yu, K.-H., Beam, A. L., & Kohane, I. S. (2018) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-018-0305-z · Cited by 2,817
Artificial intelligence in retina
Schmidt-Erfurth, U., Sadeghipour, A., Gerendas, B. S., Waldstein, S. M., & Bogunović, H. (2018) · Progress in Retinal and Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.07.004 · Cited by 779
Neutrophil extracellular traps target senescent vasculature for tissue remodeling in retinopathy
Binet, F., Cagnone, G., Crespo-Garcia, S., Hata, M., Neault, M., Dejda, A., Wilson, A. M., Buscarlet, M., Mawambo, G. T., Howard, J. P., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aay5356 · Cited by 283
Lee, A. Y., Yanagihara, R. T., Lee, C. S., Blazes, M., Jung, H. C., Chee, Y. E., Gencarella, M. D., Gee, H., Maa, A. Y., Cockerham, G. C., et al. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-1877 · Cited by 194
Li, J. Q., Welchowski, T., Schmid, M., Letow, J., Wolpers, C., Pascual-Camps, I., Holz, F. G., & Finger, R. P. (2020) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-019-00560-z · Cited by 179
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, R., Wong, T. Y., & Sabanayagam, C.
- Venue
- Eye and Vision
- Published
- 2015-09-30
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17-17
- ISSN
- 2326-0254 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1915008606
- Cited by
- 1,569
- References
- 18
- FWCI
- 64.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema and related vision loss. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1186/s40662-015-0026-2
- The paper
- Lee, R., Wong, T. Y., & Sabanayagam, C. (2015). Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema and related vision loss. Eye and Vision. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-015-0026-2
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
