Mental Health In Elite Athletes: Increased Awareness Requires An Early Intervention Framework to Respond to Athlete Needs
Open accessAbstract
The current ‘state of play’ in supporting elite athlete mental health and wellbeing has centred mostly on building mental health literacy or awareness of the signs of mental ill-health amongst athletes. Such awareness is necessary, but not sufficient to address the varied mental health needs of elite athletes. We call for a new model of intervention and outline the backbone of a comprehensive mental health framework to promote athlete mental health and wellbeing, and respond to the needs of athletes who are at-risk of developing, or already experiencing mental health symptoms or disorders. Early detection of, and intervention for, mental health symptoms is essential in the elite sporting context. Such approaches help build cultures that acknowledge that an athlete’s mental health needs are as important as their physical health needs, and that both are likely to contribute to optimising the athlete’s overall wellbeing in conjunction with performance excellence. The proposed framework aims at (i) helping athletes develop a range of self-management skills that they can utilise to manage psychological distress, (ii) equipping key stakeholders in the elite sporting environment (such as coaches, sports medicine and high-performance support staff) to better recognise and respond to concerns regarding an athlete’s mental health and (iii) highlighting the need for specialist multi-disciplinary teams or skilled mental health professionals to manage athletes with severe or complex mental disorders. Combined, these components ensure that elite athletes receive the intervention and support that they need at the right time, in the right place, with the right person.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A socioecological approach asserts that an athlete's mental health is influenced by factors at individual, microsystem (interpersonal), exosystem (organisational), and macrosystem (societal) levels.
“This socioecological approach asserts that an athlete’s mental health is influenced by factors that operate at the individual, microsystem (interpersonal), exosystem (organisational) and macrosystem (societal) level.”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [38]
The review identified a variety of factors influencing coach mental health from within the broader ecology of elite sport.
“In line with the socioecological approach described by Purcell and colleagues [38], this review identified a variety of factors influencing coach mental health from within the broader ecology of elite sport (see Additional file 5).”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [38]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391 · see citing works
McCrory, P., Meeuwisse, W., Dvorak, J., Aubry, M., Bailes, J., Broglio, S., Cantu, R. C., Cassidy, D., Echemendia, R. J., Castellani, R. J., et al. (2017) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097699 · Cited by 3,568 · see citing works
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2000) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/10518-046 · Cited by 3,109 · see citing works
Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders: Frontiers for Preventive Intervention Research
(1994) · doi:10.17226/2139 · Cited by 2,073 · see citing works
Mental health in elite athletes: International Olympic Committee consensus statement (2019)
Reardon, C. L., Hainline, B., Aron, C. M., Baron, D., Baum, A. L., Bindra, A., Budgett, R., Campriani, N., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Currie, A., et al. (2019) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100715 · Cited by 1,277 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Mental Health of Elite Athletes: A Narrative Systematic Review
Rice, S. M., Purcell, R., De Silva, S., Mawren, D., McGorry, P. D., & Parker, A. G. (2016) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0492-2 · Cited by 1,205 · see citing works
Self-citationSaw, A. E., Main, L. C., & Gastin, P. B. (2015) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-094758 · Cited by 922 · see citing works
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MENTAL HEALTH: THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EXERCISE AND MOOD
Peluso, M. A. M., & Andrade, L. H. (2005) · Clinics · doi:10.1590/s1807-59322005000100012 · Cited by 804 · see citing works
Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K. M., & Christensen, H. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-157 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Gouttebarge, V., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Gorczynski, P., Hainline, B., Hitchcock, M. E., Kerkhoffs, G. M., Rice, S. M., & Reardon, C. L. (2019) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100671 · Cited by 604 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychological Balance in High Level Athletes: Gender-Based Differences and Sport-Specific Patterns
Schaal, K., Tafflet, M., Nassif, H., Thibault, V., Pichard, C., Alcotte, M., Guillet, T., Helou, N. E., Berthelot, G., Simon, S., et al. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019007 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Chibanda, D., Weiss, H. A., Verhey, R., Simms, V., Munjoma, R., Rusakaniko, S., Chingono, A., Munetsi, E., Bere, T., Manda, E., et al. (2016) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.19102 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Schinke, R. J., Stambulova, N. B., Si, G., & Moore, Z. E. (2017) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2017.1295557 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
McGorry, P. D., Purcell, R., Goldstone, S., & Amminger, G. P. (2011) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e3283477a09 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Self-citationThe mental health of Australian elite athletes
Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K. M., Mackinnon, A. J., Batterham, P. J., & Stanimirovic, R. (2014) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2014.04.006 · Cited by 451 · see citing works
Does Elite Sport Degrade Sleep Quality? A Systematic Review
Gupta, L., Morgan, K., & Gilchrist, S. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0650-6 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Consensus statement on improving the mental health of high performance athletes
Henriksen, K., Schinke, R., Moesch, K., McCann, S., Parham, W. D., Larsen, C. H., & Terry, P. (2020) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2019.1570473 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Determinants of anxiety in elite athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Rice, S., Gwyther, K., Santesteban‐Echarri, O., Baron, D. A., Gorczynski, P. F., Gouttebarge, V., Reardon, C. L., Hitchcock, M., Hainline, B. W., & Purcell, R. (2019) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100620 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Self-citationReardon, C. L., & Factor, R. M. (2010) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11536580-000000000-00000 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Age of Peak Competitive Performance of Elite Athletes: A Systematic Review
Allen, S. V., & Hopkins, W. G. (2015) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0354-3 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
FEPSAC position statement: Mental health disorders in elite athletes and models of service provision
Moesch, K., Kenttä, G., Kleinert, J., Quignon-Fleuret, C., Cecil, S., & Bertollo, M. (2018) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.05.013 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
The Prevalence of Failure-Based Depression Among Elite Athletes
Hammond, T. G., Gialloreto, C., Kubas, H. A., & Davis, H. (2013) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0b013e318287b870 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Gallinaro, J. G. D. M. E., Falcão, R. S., Gouttebarge, V., Hitchcock, M. E., Hainline, B., Reardon, C. L., & Stull, T. (2019) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100710 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Rice, S. M., Fallon, B. J., Aucote, H. M., & Möller-Leimkühler, A. M. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.08.013 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Self-citationRice, S., Purcell, R., & McGorry, P. D. (2018) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.024 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Self-citationSport-Related Concussion and Mental Health Outcomes in Elite Athletes: A Systematic Review
Rice, S., Parker, A. G., Rosenbaum, S., Bailey, A. P., Mawren, D., & Purcell, R. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0810-3 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Self-citationVandewalle, J., Debyser, B., Beeckman, D., Vandecasteele, T., Hecke, A. V., & Verhaeghe, S. T. L. (2016) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.04.018 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Correlating Variables Among German Elite Athletes
Nixdorf, I., Frank, R., Hautzinger, M., & Beckmann, J. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.7.4.313 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
A new view: exploring positive youth development in elite sport contexts
Strachan, L., Côté, J., & Deakin, J. (2011) · Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/19398441.2010.541483 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
The elite young athlete: strategies to ensure physical and emotional health
Caine, D., Walch, T. J., & Sabato, T. M. (2016) · Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.2147/oajsm.s96821 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Investigating Elite End-of-Athletic-Career Transition: A Systematic Review
Knights, S., Sherry, E., & Ruddock-Hudson, M. (2015) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2015.1128992 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Neal, T. L., Diamond, A. B., Goldman, S., Klossner, D. A., Morse, E. D., Pajak, D. E., Putukian, M., Quandt, E. F., Sullivan, J. P., Wallack, C., et al. (2013) · Journal of Athletic Training · doi:10.4085/1062-6050-48.4.13 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Rice, S., Parker, A. G., Mawren, D., Clifton, P., Harcourt, P. R., Lloyd, M., Kountouris, A., Smith, B., McGorry, P. D., & Purcell, R. (2019) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2019.1611900 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationPierce, D., Liaw, S.-T., Dobell, J., & Anderson, R. (2010) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/1752-4458-4-10 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Controlled Evaluation of an Optimization Approach to Mental Health and Sport Performance
Donohue, B., Gavrilova, Y., Galante, M., Gavrilova, E., Loughran, T. A., Scott, J., Chow, G., Plant, C. P., & Allen, D. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2017-0054 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Mental health symptoms and disorders in Paralympic athletes: a narrative review
Swartz, L. M., Hunt, X., Bantjes, J. R., Hainline, B. W., & Reardon, C. L. (2019) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100731 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Kölling, S., Steinacker, J. M., Endler, S., Ferrauti, A., Meyer, T., & Kellmann, M. (2016) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2015.1118384 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Evaluation of a Mental Health Literacy Training Program for Junior Sporting Clubs
Bapat, S., Jorm, A. F., & Lawrence, K. A. (2009) · Australasian Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/10398560902964586 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
College Student-Athlete Wellness: An Integrative Outreach Model.
Beauchemin, J. D. (2014) · College student journal · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Bundon, A., Ashfield, A., Smith, B. M., & Goosey-Tolfrey, V. L. (2018) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.04.007 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Kern, A., Heininger, W., Klueh, E., Salazar, S., Hansen, B., Meyer, T., & Eisenberg, D. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2016-0028 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Management of mental health emergencies in elite athletes: a narrative review
Currie, A., Mcduff, D. R., Johnston, A., Hopley, P., Hitchcock, M., Reardon, C. L., & Hainline, B. W. (2019) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100691 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Gouttebarge, V., Aoki, H., Verhagen, E. A. L. M., & Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J. (2016) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000388 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Donnelly, A. A., Macintyre, T. E., O’Sullivan, N., Warrington, G. D., Harrison, A. J., Igou, E. R., Jones, M. V., Gidlow, C. J., Brick, N., Lahart, I. M., et al. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01167 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Toward a Twenty-First Century Approach to Youth Mental Health Care: Some Australian Initiatives
Purcell, R., Goldstone, S., Moran, J., Albiston, D., Edwards, J., Pennell, K., & McGorry, P. (2011) · International Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.2753/imh0020-7411400204 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationMulticultural issues in sport psychology and consultation
Naoi, A., Watson, J. C., Deaner, H., & Sato, M. (2011) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2011.567101 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Training Stress in Olympic Speed Skaters: A Psychological Perspective
Gutmann, M., Pollock, M. L., Foster, C., & Schmidt, D. H. (1984) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.1080/00913847.1984.11702009 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Empirical Development of a Screening Method to Assist Mental Health Referrals in Collegiate Athletes
Donohue, B. C., Galante, M., Maietta, J. E., Lee, B. G., Paul, N. B., Perry, J. E., Corey, A., & Allen, D. N. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2018-0070 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Current opinion in clinical sport psychology: from athletic performance to psychological well-being
Moore, Z. E., & Bonagura, K. (2017) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.05.016 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Guidelines for Need-Supportive Coach Development: The Motivation Activation Program in Sports (MAPS)
Berntsen, H., & Kristiansen, E. (2019) · International Sport Coaching Journal · doi:10.1123/iscj.2018-0066 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
High Performance Coaches’ Mental Health and Wellbeing: Applying the Areas of Work Life Model
Carson, F., Walsh, J., Main, L. C., & Kremer, P. J. (2018) · International Sport Coaching Journal · doi:10.1123/iscj.2017-0078 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Gavrilova, Y., Donohue, B. C., & Galante, M. (2017) · Clinical Case Studies · doi:10.1177/1534650116689302 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Rice, S., Butterworth, M., Clements, M., Josifovski, D., Arnold, S., Schwab, C., Pennell, K., & Purcell, R. (2020) · Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/cssep.2019-0016 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationSports Psychiatry: Strategies for Life Balance and Peak Performance
(2012) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615378203 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Spink, K. S., WILSON, K. S., Brawley, L. R., & Odnokon, P. (2013) · Group Dynamics Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/a0033552 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Some psychological traits of Slovenian olympians (Beijing 2008) - a gender comparison.
Kotnik, A. B., Tušak, M., Topič, M. D., & Leskošek, B. (2012) · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Sports Psychiatry: Strategies for Life Balance and Peak Performance
Glick, I. D., & Newmark, T. S. (2013) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13030350 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
An Evidence-Informed Framework to Promote Mental Wellbeing in Elite Sport
Purcell, R., Pilkington, V., Carberry, S., Reid, D., Gwyther, K., Hall, K., Deacon, A., Manon, R., Walton, C. C., & Rice, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.780359 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Self-citationMental health management of elite athletes during COVID-19: a narrative review and recommendations
Reardon, C. L., Bindra, A., Blauwet, C. A., Budgett, R., Campriani, N., Currie, A., Gouttebarge, V., Mcduff, D. R., Mountjoy, M. L., Purcell, R., et al. (2020) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-102884 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychological safety in sport: a systematic review and concept analysis
Vella, S. A., Mayland, E. C., Schweickle, M. J., Sutcliffe, J., McEwan, D., & Swann, C. (2022) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2022.2028306 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Intelligent Wearable Systems: Opportunities and Challenges in Health and Sports
Yang, L., Amin, O., & Shihada, B. (2024) · ACM Computing Surveys · doi:10.1145/3648469 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Vella, S. A., Schweickle, M. J., Sutcliffe, J., & Swann, C. (2021) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101946 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Cosh, S., McNeil, D. G., Jeffreys, A., Clark, L. A., & Tully, P. J. (2023) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102586 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Kuettel, A., Pedersen, A. K., & Larsen, C. H. (2021) · Psychology of Sport and Exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101837 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Rogers, M. A., Appaneal, R. N., Hughes, D., Vlahovich, N., Waddington, G., Burke, L. M., & Drew, M. (2021) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-101517 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Lundqvist, C., & Andersson, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.700829 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Pilkington, V., Rice, S. M., Walton, C. C., Gwyther, K., Olive, L., Butterworth, M., Clements, M., Cross, G., & Purcell, R. (2022) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-022-00479-y · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“As argued in recent sports mental health position papers and frameworks, in addition to key responsibilities related to athlete performance, athlete health, team cohesion and organizational functioning, coaches and HPSS also have critical roles in promoting and protecting the well-being of athletes [1, 7, 8], includin…”
BackgroundSelf-citationPsychological Safety for Mental Health in Elite Sport: A Theoretically Informed Model
Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Pilkington, V., Hall, K., Kenttä, G., Vella, S. A., & Rice, S. (2023) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01912-2 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citationMental and physical health outcomes of burnout in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Glandorf, H. L., Madigan, D. J., Kavanagh, O. V., & Mallinson‐Howard, S. H. (2023) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2023.2225187 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Mental Health Among Elite Youth Athletes: A Narrative Overview to Advance Research and Practice
Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Henderson, J. L., Kim, J., Kerr, G., Frost, J., Gwyther, K., Pilkington, V., Rice, S., & Tamminen, K. A. (2024) · Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach · doi:10.1177/19417381231219230 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationMyall, K., Montero-Marín, J., Gorczynski, P., Kajee, N., Sheriff, R. S. S., Bernard, R. M., Harriss, E., & Kuyken, W. (2022) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2022-105596 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Athletes
Uroh, C. C., & Adewunmi, C. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2021.603415 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Rice, S., Walton, C. C., Pilkington, V., Gwyther, K., OLIVE, L. S., Lloyd, M., Kountouris, A., Butterworth, M., Clements, M., & Purcell, R. (2022) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001251 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationBergeron, M. F., Côté, J., Cumming, S. P., Purcell, R., Armstrong, N., Basilico, L., Burrows, K., Charrin, J.-B., Felix, A., Groesswang, H., et al. (2024) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2024-108186 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-023-00655-8 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“In line with the socioecological approach described by Purcell and colleagues [38], this review identified a variety of factors influencing coach mental health from within the broader ecology of elite sport (see Additional file 5).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationInternational society of sport psychology position stand: elite athlete mental health revisited
Schinke, R. J., Henriksen, K., Moore, Z. E., Stambulova, N. B., Bartley, J. D., Cosh, S., Wagstaff, C. R. D., Quartiroli, A., Wylleman, P., Maher, C. A., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2024.2359872 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Balcombe, L., & Leo, D. D. (2020) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/22755 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders among elite Canadian athletes
Poucher, Z. A., Tamminen, K. A., Sabiston, C. M., Cairney, J., & Kerr, G. A. (2021) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102018 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Promoting mental health in esports
Kegelaers, J. J., Trotter, M. G., Watson, M., Pedraza-Ramirez, I., Bonilla, I., Wylleman, P., Maîresse, O., & Heel, M. V. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1342220 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Schinke, R. J., Giffin, C. E., Cosh, S., Douglas, K., Rhind, D. J. A., Harwood, C., Si, G., & Papaiounnou, A. (2021) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2021.1992857 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Mood Profiling for Sustainable Mental Health among Athletes
Terry, P. C., & Parsons-Smith, R. L. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13116116 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Starting young to protect elite athletes’ mental health
Purcell, R., Henderson, J. L., Tamminen, K. A., Frost, J., Gwyther, K., Kerr, G. A., Kim, J., Pilkington, V., Rice, S., & Walton, C. C. (2023) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2022-106352 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationAnxiety and Depression Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation in Japan Rugby Top League Players
Ojio, Y., Matsunaga, A., Hatakeyama, K., Kawamura, S., Horiguchi, M., Yoshitani, G., Kanie, A., Horikoshi, M., & Fujii, C. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18031205 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Prior, E., Papathomas, A., & Rhind, D. J. A. (2022) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2022.2095659 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Mental health interventions in non-elite sport: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Sutcliffe, J., Graupensperger, S. A., Schweickle, M. J., Rice, S., Swann, C., & Vella, S. A. (2021) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2021.2001839 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationHill, D. M., Brown, G., Lambert, T.-L., Mackintosh, K. A., Knight, C. J., & Gorczynski, P. F. (2021) · Sport Exercise and Performance Psychology · doi:10.1037/spy0000263 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Sex Differences in Mental Health Symptoms in Elite Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Kew, M. E., Dave, U., Marmor, W. A., Olsen, R. J., Jivanelli, B., Tsai, S. H. L., Kuo, L., & Ling, D. I. (2024) · Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach · doi:10.1177/19417381241264491 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Gwyther, K., Rice, S., Purcell, R., Pilkington, V., Santesteban‐Echarri, O., Bailey, A. P., & Walton, C. C. (2021) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102094 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationLundqvist, C., Schary, D. P., Eklöf, E., Zand, S., & Jacobsson, J. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0284725 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Qi, Y. (2024) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2023.2301256 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Parm, Ü., Aluoja, A., Tomingas, T., & Tamm, A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18084317 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Pilkington, V., Rice, S., OLIVE, L. S., Walton, C. C., & Purcell, R. (2024) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-024-00690-z · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationHenriksen, K., Huang, Z., Bartley, J. D., Kenttä, G., Purcell, R., Wagstaff, C. R. D., Si, G., Ge, Y., & Schinke, R. J. (2024) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2024.2437923 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationHelp-Seeking for Mental Health Issues in Professional Rugby League Players
Kola, S., Lewis, K., Rodriguez, A., & Kola-Palmer, D. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.570690 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Neurodiversity in elite sport: a systematic scoping review
Hoare, E., Reyes, J., OLIVE, L. S., Willmott, C., Steer, E., Berk, M., & Hall, K. (2023) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001575 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Understanding and Improving Athlete Mental Health: A Social Identity Approach
Stevens, M. R., Cruwys, T., OLIVE, L. S., & Rice, S. (2024) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-024-01996-4 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationSleep and Mental Health Issues in Current and Former Athletes: A Mini Review
Montero, A., Stevens, D. J., Adams, R., & Drummond, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.868614 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The Role of Sport Psychology in Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation in Junior Athletes
Weiß, M., Büttner, M., & Richlan, F. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14030254 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Maiden, N., Lockerbie, J., Zachos, K., Wolf, A., & Brown, A. (2022) · Expert Systems · doi:10.1111/exsy.13194 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Jacobs, E., & Keegan, R. J. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.891585 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Küttel, A., Durand‐Bush, N., & Larsen, C. H. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2021-0035 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Clarifying concepts: “Well-being” in sport
Trainor, L. R., & Bundon, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2023.1256490 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Elite Athletes
Lynch, J. H. (2021) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000918 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Gaining perspectives: A scoping review of research assessing depressive symptoms in athletes
Tahtinen, R. E., Shelley, J., & Morris, R. (2021) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101905 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Risk and protective factors for mental ill-health in elite para- and non-para athletes
Olive, L. S., Rice, S. M., Gao, C., Pilkington, V., Walton, C. C., Butterworth, M., Abbott, L., Cross, G., Clements, M., & Purcell, R. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.939087 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationFondacaro, D. V., & Romano-Smith, S. (2023) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports11090162 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Kenttä, G., Dieffenbach, K., Bentzen, M., Thompson, M., Côté, J., Mallett, C. J., & Olusoga, P. (2023) · International Sport Coaching Journal · doi:10.1123/iscj.2022-0123 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Bertollo, M., Forzini, F., Biondi, S., Liborio, M. D., Vaccaro, M. G., Georgiadis, E. M., & Conti, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.607152 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Interventions for improving mental health in athletes: a scoping review
Ekelund, R., Holmström, S., Gustafsson, H., Ivarsson, A., Lundqvist, C., & Stenling, A. (2023) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2023.2258383 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
UK professional male cricketers’ mental health and support experiences: A qualitative exploration
Ogden, D. J., Coates, J. K., Plateau, C. R., & Barker, J. B. (2022) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2022.2040652 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Psychological readiness to return to sports practice and risk of recurrence: Case studies
Gómez-Espejo, V., Zafra, A. O., Abenza‐Cano, L., García‐Mas, A., & Ortega, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.905816 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Sood, S., & Puri, D. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03272-y · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Lundqvist, C., Schary, D. P., Jacobsson, J., Korhonen, L., & Timpka, T. (2024) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2024.05.001 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Supporting The Mental Health Of Elite‐Level Coaches Through Early Intervention
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., & Rice, S. (2023) · Arthroscopy Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.asmr.2023.04.017 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationThe impact of mental health literacy initiatives on youth elite athletes: A systematic review
Diamond, S., Wallace, L., English, M., & Caperchione, C. M. (2022) · Performance Enhancement & Health · doi:10.1016/j.peh.2022.100226 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Rice, S., Butterworth, M., Clements, M., Josifovski, D., Arnold, S., Schwab, C., Pennell, K., & Purcell, R. (2020) · Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/cssep.2019-0016 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationMental health in individual versus team sports
Reardon, C. L., & Hitchcock, M. (2024) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2024.2349079 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Gambling at Work: A Qualitative Study of Swedish Elite Athletes, Coaches, and Managers
Vinberg, M., Wetterborg, D., & Enebrink, P. (2021) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-021-10007-4 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Validating a Japanese Version of the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire
Ojio, Y., Matsunaga, A., Kawamura, S., Horiguchi, M., Yoshitani, G., Hatakeyama, K., Amemiya, R., Kanie, A., Purcell, R., Rice, S., et al. (2021) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-021-00385-9 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationImpact of COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health in sports: a review
Shukla, A., Dogra, D. K., Bhattacharya, D., Gulia, S., & Sharma, R. (2023) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-023-01063-x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Upenieks, L., Ryan, B. M., & Knoester, C. (2024) · Sociology of Sport Journal · doi:10.1123/ssj.2023-0165 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
A Systems Theory of Mental Health in Recreational Sport
Vella, S. A., Schweickle, M. J., Sutcliffe, J., Liddelow, C., & Swann, C. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192114244 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Keogh, J. A. J., Waddington, E. E., Masood, Z., Mahmood, S., Palanisamy, A. C., Ruder, M. C., Karsan, S., Bishop, C. J., Jordan, M. J., Heisz, J. J., et al. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.14460 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Mental Toughness May Have an Impact on Athlete’s Performance: Systematic Review
Aditya, R. S., Rahmatika, Q. T., Solikhah, F. K., AlMutairi, R. I., Alruwaili, A. S., Astuti, E. S., & Fadila, R. (2024) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v56.103768 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Rice, S., Treeby, M. S., OLIVE, L. S., Saw, A. E., Kountouris, A., Lloyd, M., Macleod, G., Orchard, J. W., Clarke, P., Gwyther, K., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.581914 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Team Denmark applied model of athlete mental health
Henriksen, K., Diment, G. M., & Küttel, A. (2023) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2023.2281525 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ojio, Y., Matsunaga, A., Yamaguchi, S., Hatakeyama, K., Kawamura, S., Yoshitani, G., Horiguchi, M., Nakajima, S., Kanie, A., Horikoshi, M., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0256125 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Position paper: sports psychiatric care provision in competitive sports
Claussen, M., Hofmann, C. G., Schneeberger, A. R., Seifritz, E., Schorb, A., Allroggen, M., Freyer, T., Helmig, F., Niebauer, J., Hefert, J., et al. (2021) · German Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.5960/dzsm.2021.503 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Guntoro, T. S., ., S., Putra, M. F. P., Kurdi, K., Németh, Z., & Setiawan, E. (2023) · Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports · doi:10.15561/26649837.2023.0409 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Elite Sport and Sustainable Psychological Well-Being
Jovanović, B. K., Smrdu, M., Holnthaner, R., & Kajtna, T. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14052705 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Mental Health of Elite Sport Coaches and Entourage
Purcell, R., Frost, J., & Pilkington, V. (2024) · Clinics in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.csm.2023.06.005 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationStress and its impact on elite athletes' wellbeing and mental health—a mini narrative review
Nuetzel, B. (2025) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2025.1630784 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Multidisciplinary Physical Preparation of a Multiple Paralympic Medal-Winning Cyclist
Sanders, D., Spindler, D. J., & Stanley, J. (2022) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2022-0039 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Athletes' Confidence and Anxiety Management: A Review in Achieving Optimal Sport Performance
Fadare, S. A., Langco, L. A., Canalija, C. V. J., Kabirun, C. A., & B.Jhuniely, A. S. (2022) · International Journal of Science and Management Studies (IJSMS) · doi:10.51386/25815946/ijsms-v5i4p133 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Animal psychotherapist: The potential impacts of animal-based tourism on mental health
Lin, G., & Li, M. (2024) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2024.104959 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Schary, D. P., & Lundqvist, C. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2021-0041 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Depressive symptoms among Olympic athletes during the Covid-19 pandemic
Lambert, C., Schütz, L.-M., Rice, S., Purcell, R., Stoll, T., Trajdos, M., Ritzmann, R., Böhm, A.-L., & Walz, M. (2022) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-022-00427-z · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationMehrsafar, A. H., Serrano, M. Á., Zadeh, A. M., & Gazerani, P. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.567214 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Role of Psychologists in Sport Medicine Practice
Jasser, J., Patel, D. R., & Beenen, K. T. (2022) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2022.05.010 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Psychological Distress in Elite Sambo and Recreational Athletes
Tubić, T., Živanović, B., Lakičević, N., Zenić, N., Gilić, B., Rudas, E., Eliseev, S., Trivić, T., Bianco, A., & Drid, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.781880 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Understanding the role of coaches in supporting the mental health of elite athletes
Sankey, C., Wallace, L., & Caperchione, C. M. (2023) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2023.06.012 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Mental Health in Elite Coaches
Baumann, L., Schneeberger, A. R., Currie, A., Iff, S., Seifritz, E., & Claussen, M. C. (2024) · Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach · doi:10.1177/19417381231223472 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Noh, Y., Zaki, F., & Danaee, M. (2024) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102612 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Romaratezabala, E., Castillo, D., González, J. R., Rodríguez‐Negro, J., Aritzeta, I., & Yanci, J. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17165649 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
On the Frontline of Athlete Mental Health: The Mental Health Literacy of NCAA Coaches
Beebe, K. E., & Petrie, T. A. (2024) · The Sport Psychologist · doi:10.1123/tsp.2023-0007 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Concussion among female athletes in Iceland: Stress, depression, anxiety, and quality of life
Jónsdóttir, M. K., Kristófersdóttir, K. H., Runólfsdóttir, S., Kristensen, I. U., Sigurjónsdóttir, H. Á., Claessen, L. Ó. E., & Kristjánsdóttir, H. (2021) · Nordic Psychology · doi:10.1080/19012276.2021.2004916 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Noguchi, Y., Kuribayashi, C., & Kinugasa, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.821893 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Badenhorst, M., Runciman, P., Brown, J. C., Swartz, L. M., & Derman, W. E. (2021) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2020.12.013 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Richard, V., Cairney, J., & Woods, C. T. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1089264 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mental health help-seeking preferences and behaviour in elite male rugby players
Oguro, S., Ojio, Y., Matsunaga, A., Shiozawa, T., Kawamura, S., Yoshitani, G., Horiguchi, M., & Fujii, C. (2023) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001586 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Edmizal, E., Barlian, E., Donie, D., Komaini, A., Sin, T. H., Umar, U., Ahmed, M., Singh, A. P., Haryanto, J., & Hidayat, R. A. (2024) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v57.107662 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Ojio, Y., Amemiya, R., Oliffe, J. L., & Rice, S. (2025) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002275 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationOtis, C. L., Hainline, B. W., Harwood, C., Jayanthi, N. A., Jensen, R., Keber, A., Kroshus, E., Livengood, T., Stroia, K. A., Quinn, A., et al. (2022) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2021-104620 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mental Health in Youth Elite Athletes
Walton, C. C., Rice, S., & Purcell, R. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08364-8_22 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationMental health difficulties among professional jockeys: a narrative review
King, L., Cullen, S., McGoldrick, A., Pugh, J., Warrington, G. D., Woods, G., & Losty, C. (2021) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001078 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Batting against mental health in elite cricket
Mahmood, H. J. S., & Friedman, D. J. (2021) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-103319 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-reported measures of training exposure: can we trust them, and how do we select them?
Murphy, M., Glasgow, P. D., & Mosler, A. (2021) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2021-104498 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Purcell, R., Gwyther, K., & Rice, S. M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Rice, Simon M.
- Venue
- Sports Medicine - Open
- Published
- 2019-11-28
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 46-46
- ISSN
- 2198-9761 (ISSN-L)
- 2199-1170
- PMC
- PMC6883009
- OpenAlex
- W2991538927
- Cited by
- 394
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 73 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 11 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 53.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sports Medicine - Open (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council (APP115888)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Keywords
- athlete well-being, early intervention, mental health literacy, mental health awareness, psychological distress, self-management skills, coach education, mental health screening, elite sport
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
