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Alcohol-induced IL-1β in the brain is mediated by NLRP3/ASC inflammasome activation that amplifies neuroinflammation

Open access
Lippai, Dora, Bala, Shashi, Petrasek, Jan, Csak, Timea, Levin, Ivan, Kurt-Jones, Evelyn A, Szabo, Gyongyi·2013·Journal of Leukocyte Biology

Abstract

Alcohol-induced neuroinflammation is mediated by proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β. IL-1β production requires caspase-1 activation by inflammasomes—multiprotein complexes that are assembled in response to danger signals. We hypothesized that alcohol-induced inflammasome activation contributes to increased IL-1β in the brain. WT and TLR4-, NLRP3-, and ASC-deficient (KO) mice received an ethanol-containing or isocaloric control diet for 5 weeks, and some received the rIL-1ra, anakinra, or saline treatment. Inflammasome activation, proinflammatory cytokines, endotoxin, and HMGB1 were measured in the cerebellum. Expression of inflammasome components (NLRP1, NLRP3, ASC) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, MCP-1) was increased in brains of alcohol-fed compared with control mice. Increased caspase-1 activity and IL-1β protein in ethanol-fed mice indicated inflammasome activation. TLR4 deficiency protected from TNF-α, MCP-1, and attenuated alcohol-induced IL-1β increases. The TLR4 ligand, LPS, was not increased in the cerebellum. However, we found up-regulation of acetylated and phosphorylated HMGB1 and increased expression of the HMGB1 receptors (TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, RAGE) in alcohol-fed mice. NLRP3- or ASC-deficient mice were protected from caspase-1 activation and alcohol-induced IL-1β increase in the brain. Furthermore, in vivo treatment with rIL-1ra prevented alcohol-induced inflammasome activation and IL-1β, TNF-α, and acetylated HMGB1 increases in the cerebellum. Conversely, intracranial IL-1β administration induced TNF-α and MCP-1 in the cerebellum. In conclusion, alcohol up-regulates and activates the NLRP3/ASC inflammasome, leading to caspase-1 activation and IL-1β increase in the cerebellum. IL-1β amplifies neuroinflammation, and disruption of IL-1/IL-1R signaling prevents alcohol-induced inflammasome activation and neuroinflammation. Increased levels of acetylated and phosphorylated HMGB1 may contribute to alcoholic neuroinflammation.

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Metadata

Authors
Lippai, D., Bala, S., Petrasek, J., Csak, T., Levin, I., Kurt-Jones, E. A., & Szabo, G.
Venue
Journal of Leukocyte Biology
Published
2013-04-26
Volume
94
Issue
1
Pages
171-182
ISSN
  • 0741-5400 (ISSN-L)
  • 1938-3673
OpenAlex
W2144241574
Cited by
215
References
17
FWCI
6.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Alcohol-induced IL-1β in the brain is mediated by NLRP3/ASC inflammasome activation that amplifies neuroinflammation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1189/jlb.1212659
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Lippai, D., Bala, S., Petrasek, J., Csak, T., Levin, I., Kurt-Jones, E. A., & Szabo, G. (2013). Alcohol-induced IL-1β in the brain is mediated by NLRP3/ASC inflammasome activation that amplifies neuroinflammation. Journal of Leukocyte Biology. https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1212659

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