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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Risk of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in relatives of people with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Larsson, Henrik, Rydén, Eleonore, Boman, Marcus, Långström, Niklas, Lichtenstein, Paul, Landén, Mikael·2013·British Journal of Psychiatry

Abstract

Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, and it has been suggested that combined bipolar disorder and ADHD is aetiologically distinct from the pure disorders. Aims: To clarify whether ADHD shares genetic and environmental factors with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Method: By linking longitudinal Swedish national registers, we identified 61 187 persons with ADHD (the proband group) and their first- and second-degree relatives, and matched them with a control group of people without ADHD and their corresponding relatives. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the risks of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in the relatives of the two groups. Results: First-degree relatives of the ADHD proband group were at increased risk of both bipolar disorder (odds ratio (OR) = 1.84−2.54 for parents, offspring and full siblings) and schizophrenia (OR = 1.71−2.22 for parents, offspring and full siblings). The risks of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia among second-degree relatives were substantially lower than among full siblings. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the co-occurrence of ADHD and bipolar disorder as well as ADHD and schizophrenia is due to shared genetic factors, rather than representing completely aetiologically distinct subsyndromes.

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Metadata

Authors
Larsson, H., Rydén, E., Boman, M., Långström, N., Lichtenstein, P., & Landén, M.
Venue
British Journal of Psychiatry
Published
2013-08
Volume
203
Issue
2
Pages
103-106
ISSN
  • 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
  • 1472-1465
OpenAlex
W2117177609
Cited by
190
References
11
FWCI
12.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Risk of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in relatives of people with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1192/bjp.bp.112.120808
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Larsson, H., Rydén, E., Boman, M., Långström, N., Lichtenstein, P., & Landén, M. (2013). Risk of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in relatives of people with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.112.120808

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