The cognitive neuroscience of schizophrenia.
Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia experience a range of cognitive deficits and associated dysfunctions in the neural systems that support cognitive processes. This chapter reviews the literature on disturbances in working memory, executive control, and episodic memory in schizophrenia. Advances in basic cognitive neuroscience are described to help explain the cognitive neuroscience of schizophrenia. For working memory in schizophrenia, evidence is reviewed regarding deficits in the verbal (phonological loop) and nonverbal (visual-spatial scratch pad) buffer systems as well as in the central executive function. In the domain of episodic memory, evidence is reviewed for deficits in recollection versus familiarity processes in episodic memory. Also discussed are conceptual issues and potential confounds relevant to understanding the cognitive neuroscience of schizophrenia, including the role that cognitive deficits play in the developmental course of schizophrenia, relationships to specific symptom domains, behavioral performance confounds, and medication influences on behavioral performance and brain function.
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The finding that manipulation is more impaired than maintenance, along with evidence that visuospatial and verbal working memory manipulation are equally impaired, supports the view that working memory deficits in these disorders are due to impairment in the central executive aspect of working memory, rather than the content-specific maintenance systems.
“The finding that manipulation is more impaired than maintenance, along with evidence that visuospatial and verbal WM manipulation are equally impaired, both support the view that WM deficits in these disorders are due to impairment in the central executive aspect of WM, rather than the content-specific maintenance systems (Barch, 2005)”
From Advancing understanding of executive function impairments and psychopathology: bridging the gap between clinical and cognitive approaches (2015) · cites this paper as Barch, 2005
EF deficits across psychopathology cannot be easily explained by non-specific factors such as psychomotor slowing, differences in IQ or education, or medication use.
“First, these deficits cannot be easily explained by non-specific factors such as psychomotor slowing, differences in IQ or education, or medication use (e.g., Barch, 2005; Forbes et al., 2009; Snyder, 2013; Snyder et al., 2015).”
From Advancing understanding of executive function impairments and psychopathology: bridging the gap between clinical and cognitive approaches (2015) · cites this paper as Barch, 2005
EF deficits are present in attenuated form in unaffected family members of individuals with schizophrenia, BD, OCD, and PTSD.
“Moreover, there is some evidence that EF deficits are primarily state-independent (manifest even when illness symptoms are not present, (e.g., Kurtz and Gerraty, 2009; Snyder, 2013) and present in attenuated form in unaffected family members of individuals with schizophrenia, BD, OCD, and PTSD, suggesting EF deficits may be an endophenotype for many forms of psychopathology (e.g., Barch, 2005; Gil”
From Advancing understanding of executive function impairments and psychopathology: bridging the gap between clinical and cognitive approaches (2015) · cites this paper as Barch, 2005
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“Prefrontal and limbic system dysfunction are known to be strongly involved in the development of SZ, BD, and MD ( Barch 2005; Maletic et al. 2007; McIntosh et al. 2008; Miklowitz and Johnson 2006).”
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- Authors
- Barch, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Barch, Deanna M.
- ORCID
- Barch, Deanna M.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2005-04-01
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 321-353
- ISSN
- 1548-5943 (ISSN-L)
- 1548-5951
- OpenAlex
- W2104217093
- Cited by
- 437
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 1.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, cognitive impairment, working memory, executive function, episodic memory, phonological loop, central executive function, symptom domains, antipsychotic effects
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Higher Nervous Activity, Hippocampus, Humans, Memory, Models, Neurological, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Prefrontal Cortex
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