Food‐Reinforced Operant Behavior in Dopamine Transporter Knockout Mice: Enhanced Resistance to Extinction
Abstract
A bstract: Dopamine (DA) plays roles in circuits that are important for brain reward and in striatal brain regions that are important for certain types of habit learning. These processes in wildtype, heterozygous, and homozygous dopamine transporter knockout (DAT‐KO) mice, which were mildly food deprived and allowed to make nose‐poke responses for food reinforcement, were studied. The mice were given 20‐min sessions of daily (a) baseline exposure to the operant chambers, (b) acquisition of nose‐poke responses in which responses were reinforced under a fixed ratio (FR5) schedule, (c) a progressive ratio schedule in which the number of responses required to obtain food was gradually increased, and (d) extinction of responses in which nose pokes were not followed by food. Neither heterozygous nor homozygous DAT‐KO mice differed from their wildtype litter mates in the number of nose pokes displayed during baseline exposures to the chambers, the number of sessions required for acquisition, the number of responses under the FR5 schedule, or the number of responses under the progressive ratio schedule. Interestingly, however, in the five extinction sessions in which food was no longer delivered by nose poking, homozygous DAT‐KO mice exerted significantly more responses than mice of either of the other two genotypes. These lines of evidence suggest a greater resistance of DAT‐KO mice to the elimination of the response and support roles of dopaminergic systems in habit memory.
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DAT knockout mice have been suggested to model ADHD because they are hyperactive, have reduced extinction of responses in food reinforcement operant tasks, and have impaired learning and memory.
“DAT knockout mice have been suggested to model ADHD because they are hyperactive ([443,444]), have reduced extinction of responses in food reinforcement operant tasks [445], and also have impaired learning and memory [444,446].”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [445]
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- Authors
- HIRONAKA, N., IKEDA, K., SORA, I., UHL, G. R., & NIKI, H.
- Affiliations
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science (JP)
- Tohoku University (JP)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (US)
- Saitama Institute of Technology (JP)
- Corresponding author
- HIRONAKA, NAOYUKI
- Venue
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-10
- Volume
- 1025
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 140-145
- ISSN
- 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-6632
- OpenAlex
- W2045319307
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- dopamine transporter knockout mice, dopamine, operant behavior, food reinforcement, extinction resistance, habit learning, fixed-ratio schedules, progressive ratio schedule, striatum, heterozygous knockout mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Eating, Extinction, Psychological, Female, Membrane Glycoproteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Reinforcement Schedule, Mice, Knockout, Membrane Transport Proteins, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Mice
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