The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effects of Altitude versus Economic Status on Birth Weight and Body Shape at Birth
Abstract
The compelling evidence linking small size at birth with later cardiovascular disease has renewed and amplified a clinical and scientific interest in the determinants of fetal growth. Although the effects of maternal nutrition on fetal growth have been extensively studied, comparatively little is known about the effects of maternofetal hypoxia. This study tested the hypothesis that in highland regions, high altitude rather than maternal economic status is associated with reduced and altered fetal growth by investigating the effects of high altitude versus economic status on birth weight and body shape at birth in Bolivia. Bolivia is geographically and socioeconomically unique. It contains several highland (>3500 m above sea level) and lowland (<500 m) cities that are inhabited by very economically divergent populations. Birth weight, body length, and head circumference were compared between a high- (n = 100) and low- (n = 100) income region of La Paz (3649 m; largest high-altitude city) and a high- (n = 100) and low- (n = 100) income region of Santa Cruz (437 m; largest low-altitude city). In addition, the frequency distribution across the continuum of birth weights was plotted for babies born from high- and low-income families in La Paz and Santa Cruz. Mean birth weights were lower in babies from La Paz than in babies from Santa Cruz in both high- and low-income groups. The cumulative frequency curve across all compiled birth weights was shifted to the left in babies from La Paz compared with those from Santa Cruz, regardless of economic status. The frequency of low birth weight (<2500 g) was higher in babies from La Paz than from Santa Cruz in both high- and low-income groups. In addition, at high altitude but not at low altitude, high income was associated with an increase in the head circumference:birth weight ratio. These findings suggest that high altitude rather than economic status is associated with low birth weight and altered body shape at birth in babies from Bolivia.
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“Lower birth weight at higher altitudes is seen with both long and short residency at high altitude regardless of nutrition or socioeconomic class (214, 386, 389).”
From Placental Origins of Chronic Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [214]
In the citing paper
“However, the high-altitude decline in birth weight is less in populations with longer residency at high altitude, such as the Tibetans and Andeans, than in populations like the Han and Europeans who have settled at altitude more recently (214, 387, 443).”
From Placental Origins of Chronic Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [214]
Citations
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Sorted by citations
Placental Origins of Chronic Disease
Burton, G. J., Fowden, A. L., & Thornburg, K. L. (2016) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00029.2015 · Cited by 717
Keyes, L. E., Armaza, F. J., Niermeyer, S., Vargas, E., Young, D. A., & Moore, L. G. (2003) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000069846.64389.dc · Cited by 285
Humans at high altitude: Hypoxia and fetal growth
Moore, L. G., Charles, S. M., & Julian, C. G. (2011) · Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.resp.2011.04.017 · Cited by 251
Maternal Adaptation to High-altitude Pregnancy: An Experiment of Nature—A Review
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Role of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in developmental programming of health and disease
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Metadata
- Authors
- Giussani, D. A., Phillips, P. S., Anstee, S., & Barker, D. J. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of Southampton (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Giussani, Dino A
- Venue
- Pediatric Research
- Published
- 2001-04
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 490-494
- ISSN
- 0031-3998 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-0447
- OpenAlex
- W2064681431
- Cited by
- 230
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 7.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pediatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- high altitude, fetal growth, birth weight, low birth weight, head circumference, maternal economic status, maternal hypoxia, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, birth weight distribution
- MeSH terms
- Altitude, Anthropometry, Birth Weight, Bolivia, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Social Class
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