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Cited by 269

The DOI matches its OpenAlex record; 58 of the 58 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

When Silence Speaks Louder Than Words: Explorations Into the Intrapsychic and Interpersonal Consequences of Social Ostracism

Kristin L. Sommer, Kipling D. Williams, Natalie J. Ciarocco, Roy Frederick Baumeister·2001·Basic and Applied Social Psychology

Abstract

Respondents wrote 2 stories, 1 about a time they were given the silent treatment and 1 about a time they used the silent treatment on another. Content analyses indicated that targets who were unable to attribute the ostracism to a specific cause suffered greater threats to belongingness and self-esteem than those who understood the reasons for their treatment. Targets who felt that others were oblivious to their presence reported stronger threats to belongingness, self-esteem, and meaningful existence and were more likely to affiliate with others than were targets who generated alternative reasons for their treatment. People high in self-esteem were more likely than those low in self-esteem to (a) use ostracism as a means of terminating the relationship and (b) terminate relationships with their ostracizing partners. People low in self-esteem, conversely, were more likely to ostracize others in defense against criticism or rejection, ostracize others in general, and report being ostracized by others. Finally, perspective differences indicated that sources portrayed the ostracism as a useful interpersonal tactic that ultimately led to conflict resolution, whereas targets emphasized feelings of withdrawal and resentment.

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OpenAlex · 10.1207/153248301753225694

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Metadata

Authors
Sommer, K. L., Williams, K. D., Ciarocco, N. J., & Baumeister, R. F.
Venue
Basic and Applied Social Psychology
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Published
2001-12-01
Volume
23
Issue
4
Pages
225-243
ISSN
0197-3533 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1978457872
Cited by
269
References
58
FWCI
3.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: When Silence Speaks Louder Than Words: Explorations Into the Intrapsychic and Interpersonal Consequences of Social Ostracism. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1207/153248301753225694
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Sommer, K. L., Williams, K. D., Ciarocco, N. J., & Baumeister, R. F. (2001). When Silence Speaks Louder Than Words: Explorations Into the Intrapsychic and Interpersonal Consequences of Social Ostracism. Basic and Applied Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1207/153248301753225694

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.