The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Positive Effects of Television on Children's Social Interactions: A Meta-Analysis
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis of 34 studies of the positive effects of television on children's social interactions, levels of aggression, altruism, and levels of stereotyping (a total of 108 effect sizes, 5,473 children). Across dependent measures, there were consistent moderate positive effects for those who watched prosocial content in experimental settings compared to control groups or those who watched antisocial content. Moreover, the positive effect of self-selected exposure to prosocial content was as strong as the negative effect of self-selected exposure to violent content. Effects were largest for depictions of altruism, primarily because such content tended to involve explicit modeling of desired behaviors. Strong negative effects occurred in the few studies where children watched aggressive prosocial content.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Statistical Methods for Meta-Analysis
Wasserman, S., Hedges, L. V., & Olkin, I. (1988) · Journal of Educational Statistics · doi:10.2307/1164953 · Cited by 10,326
Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (2015) · doi:10.4135/9781483398105 · Cited by 5,542
The Effects of Television Violence on Antisocial Behavior: A Meta-Analysis1
PAIK, H., & COMSTOCK, G. (1994) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365094021004004 · Cited by 856
(1990) · Cited by 561
The early window: Effects of television on children and youth
(1973) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(73)80192-3 · Cited by 389
MODIFICATION OF SOCIAL WITHDRAWAL THROUGH SYMBOLIC MODELING1
O'Connor, R. D. (1969) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1969.2-15 · Cited by 273
O'Connor, R. D. (1972) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0033226 · Cited by 225
A Synthesis of 1043 Effects of Television on Social Behavior
HEAROLD, S. (1986) · Public Communication and Behavior · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-543201-6.50005-3 · Cited by 172
Keller, M. F., & Carlson, P. M. (1974) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1974.tb00686.x · Cited by 116
THE IMPACT OF WORDS AND DEEDS CONCERNING ALTRUISM UPON CHILDREN
Bryan, J. H., & Walbek, N. H. (1970) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01028.x · Cited by 93
Cited by
Media effects: theory and research
Valkenburg, P. M., Peter, J., & Walther, J. B. (2016) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-122414-033608 · Cited by 536
Sanders, T., Noetel, M., Parker, P., Del Pozo Cruz, B., Biddle, S., Ronto, R., Hulteen, R., Parker, R., Thomas, G., De Cocker, K., et al. (2023) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-023-01712-8 · Cited by 148
(2013) · UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) · Cited by 132
Bartsch, A., & Kloß, A. (2019) · International Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/02650487.2018.1482098 · Cited by 78
Doron, E. (2017) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2016.12.003 · Cited by 63
Metadata
- Authors
- Mares, M.-L., & Woodard, E.
- Venue
- Media Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2005-08
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 301-322
- ISSN
- 1521-3269 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-785X
- OpenAlex
- W2018322523
- Cited by
- 279
- References
- 26
- FWCI
- 20.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Positive Effects of Television on Children's Social Interactions: A Meta-Analysis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1207/s1532785xmep0703_4
- The paper
- Mares, M.-L., & Woodard, E. (2005). Positive Effects of Television on Children's Social Interactions: A Meta-Analysis. Media Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532785xmep0703_4
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.