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Using Activity Theory to Understand the Systemic Tensions Characterizing a Technology-Rich Introductory Astronomy Course
Abstract
In this report of our research on a computer-based three-dimensional (3-D) modeling course for learning astronomy, we use the central tenets of activity theory to analyze participation by undergraduate students and instructors, illuminating the instances of activity that characterized course dynamics. Specifically, we focus on the relations of participant (student) and object (3-D models and astronomy understandings) and how, in our course, object transformations leading to scientific understandings are mediated by tools (both technological and human), the overall classroom microculture (emergent norms), division of labor (group dynamics and student-instructor roles), and rules (informal, formal, and technical). Through analysis of the data, we interpreted and then focused on two systemic tensions as illuminative of classroom activity. With respect to the first systemic tension, we examined the interplay between learning astronomy and building 3-D models. Results suggested that instead of detracting from the emergence of an activity system that supported learning astronomy, model-building actions frequently coevolved with (were the same as) astronomy-learning actions. With respect to the second tension, we examined the interplay between prespecified, teacher-directed instruction versus emergent, student-directed learning. Our results indicated that it was rarely teacher-imposed nor student-initiated constraints that directed learning; rather, rules, norms, and divisions of la…
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“The distribution of tasks between learners in one group, which was found to be 'a good practice for accomplishing tasks as team' was, however, 'not as successful for fostering the development of a broad understanding of astronomy' (p. 99). This was because some learners did not learn concepts that another team member had been responsible for.”
From Using activity theory and its principle of contradictions to guide research in educational technology (2008) · cites this paper as Barab et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“Findings of some studies (e.g., Barab et al., 2002; Basharina, 2007; Peruski, 2003; Russell & Schneiderheinze, 2005) revealed instances where contradictions were not resolved.”
From Using activity theory and its principle of contradictions to guide research in educational technology (2008) · cites this paper as Barab et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“the study, consistent with Roth's (1996) guidelines for AT enquiry, 'supported and refuted emerging hypotheses about how practices, resources, task constraints, task manifestations, and student understandings evolved over time' (Barab et al., 2002, p. 83).”
From Using activity theory and its principle of contradictions to guide research in educational technology (2008) · cites this paper as Barab et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“The authors interpreted this finding as a contradiction between the division of labour-in terms of students distributing tasks in the group versus each individual carrying out all the tasks-and the object of learning astronomy.”
From Using activity theory and its principle of contradictions to guide research in educational technology (2008) · cites this paper as Barab et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“Barab et al.'s (2002) study, which used both quantitative and qualitative data, illustrates how analysis may need to be ongoing, iterative, parallel to data collection, and involve data from additional sources.”
From Using activity theory and its principle of contradictions to guide research in educational technology (2008) · cites this paper as Barab et al., 2002
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Roth, W., & Lee, Y. (2007) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/0034654306298273 · Cited by 1,240
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“Three such examples are Barab et al. (2002), Engeström (2001), and Hutchins (1993).”
A review of research on student teachers' professional identity
Izadinia, M. (2013) · British Educational Research Journal · doi:10.1080/01411926.2012.679614 · Cited by 401
“( 2002 ), the focus of activity theory is on how participants transform objects and how the components of a system, actor (participant) or actors (subgroups) and the acted on (object) as well as the dynamic relations between them, mediate this transformation.”
BackgroundDeveloping an Empirical Account of a Community of Practice: Characterizing the Essential Tensions
Barab, S. A., Barnett, M., & Squire, K. D. (2002) · Journal of the Learning Sciences · doi:10.1207/s15327809jls1104_3 · Cited by 329
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“Activity theory focuses on how students’ participation transforms objects and how components in a system mediate this transformation (Barab et al., 2002).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Barab, S. A., Barnett, M., Yamagata-Lynch, L., Squire, K., & Keating, T.
- Affiliations
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- Boston College (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- The Tech Interactive (US)
- Venue
- Mind, Culture, and Activity
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2002-05
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 76-107
- ISSN
- 1074-9039 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7884
- OpenAlex
- W2028082438
- Cited by
- 265
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 23.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Mind Culture and Activity (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Educational Research Association
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Innovative Education and Learning Practices
- Social Sciences › Education › Science Education and Pedagogy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
- Keywords
- activity theory, 3D modeling, computer-assisted instruction, systemic tension, division of labor, student-led learning, teacher-centered instruction
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