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Further evidence of an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Findings from a high-risk sample of siblings
Open accessAbstract
Investigated the role of maternal smoking during pregnancy in the etiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Siblings of ADHD (N = 174) and non-ADHD (N = 129) probands were studied. Information on maternal smoking was obtained from mothers in a standardized manner blind to the sibling's ADHD and high-risk status (i.e., whether a sibling of an ADHD or non-ADHD proband). Fifteen (47%) of the high-risk siblings with ADHD had a history of maternal smoking during pregnancy compared with 33 (24%) of the siblings without ADHD (p = 0.009). This positive association remained significant after adjusting for socioeconomic status, parental IQ, and parental ADHD status. Lower IQ scores were found among those high-risk siblings whose mothers smoked during pregnancy compared with those whose mothers did not smoke. These findings extend our previous findings of an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ADHD. Moreover, they highlight the importance of programs aimed at smoking prevention in nonsmoking women and smoking cessation in smoking women of child-bearing age.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Milberger, S., Biederman, J., Faraone, S. V., & Jones, J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Child Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1998-09
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 352-358
- ISSN
- 0047-228X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1979665818
- Cited by
- 211
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 3.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Child Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SUNY Digital Repository Support (State University of New York System) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5k01da000294-02, 2r01mh041314-04)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH-41314-01A2)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (1 K01 DA00294)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Keywords
- smoking during pregnancy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, high-risk siblings, prenatal tobacco exposure, maternal IQ, smoking cessation, smoking prevention, ADHD etiology
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Risk Factors, Sibling Relations, Smoking, Smoking Cessation
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