The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Menopause Transition: Signs, Symptoms, and Management Options
Abstract
Context: Menopause, the permanent cessation of menses, reflects oocyte depletion and loss of gonadal steroids. It is preceded by a transition state, the perimenopause, which is characterized by the gradual loss of oocytes, altered responsiveness to gonadal steroid feedback, wide hormonal fluctuations, and irregular menstrual patterns. The goal of this mini-review is to discuss the basic pathophysiology of the menopausal transition and the hormonal and nonhormonal management of clinicopathology attributed to it. Evidence Acquisition: A Medline search of epidemiologic, population-based studies, and studies of reproductive physiology was conducted. A total of 758 publications were screened. Evidence Synthesis: The reproductive hormonal milieu of the menopausal transition precipitates bothersome vasomotor symptoms, mood disruption, temporary cognitive dysfunction, genitourinary symptoms, and other disease processes that reduce the quality of life of affected women. The endocrine tumult of the menopause transition also exposes racial and socioeconomic disparities in the onset, severity, and frequency of symptoms. Hormone therapy (HT) treatment can be effective for perimenopausal symptoms but its use has been stymied by concerns about health risks observed in postmenopausal HT users who are older than 60 and/or women who have been postmenopausal for greater than 10 years. Conclusions: The menopause transition is a disruptive process that can last for over a decade and causes symptoms in a majority of women. It is important for clinicians to recognize early signs and symptoms of the transition and be prepared to offer treatment to mitigate these symptoms. Many safe and effective options, including HT, are available.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators (2002) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.288.3.321 · Cited by 15,889
Hulley, S. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.280.7.605 · Cited by 6,216
Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis
Cosman, F., de Beur, S. J., LeBoff, M. S., Lewiecki, E. M., Tanner, B., Randall, S., & Lindsay, R. (2014) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-014-2794-2 · Cited by 4,149
Sexual Problems and Distress in United States Women: Prevalence and Correlates
Shifren, J. L., Monz, B. U., Russo, P. A., Segreti, A., & Johannes, C. B. (2008) · Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0b013e3181898cdb · Cited by 1,394
Treatment of symptoms of the menopause: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
Stuenkel, C. A., Davis, S. R., Gompel, A., Lumsden, M. A., Murad, M. H., Pinkerton, J. V., & Santen, R. J. (2015) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2015-2236 · Cited by 884
Vascular effects of early versus late postmenopausal treatment with estradiol
Hodis, H. N., Mack, W. J., Henderson, V. W., Shoupe, D., Budoff, M. J., Hwang-Levine, J., Li, Y., Feng, M., Dustin, L., Kono, N., et al. (2016) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1505241 · Cited by 779
Rance, N. E., Dacks, P. A., Mittelman-Smith, M. A., Romanovsky, A. A., & Krajewski-Hall, S. J. (2013) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.07.003 · Cited by 380
Androgen therapy in women: a reappraisal: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
Wierman, M. E., Arlt, W., Basson, R., Davis, S. R., Miller, K. K., Murad, M. H., Rosner, W., & Santoro, N. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2014-2260 · Cited by 363
Self-citationAnti-Müllerian hormone inhibits initiation of growth of human primordial ovarian follicles in vitro
Carlsson, I. B. (2006) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/del165 · Cited by 294
Duration of vasomotor symptoms in middle-aged women: a longitudinal study
Col, N. F., Guthrie, J. R., Politi, M., & Dennerstein, L. (2009) · Menopause · doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e31818d414e · Cited by 194
Cited by
Hormone Therapy in Menopause: Concepts, Controversies, and Approach to Treatment
Flores, V. A., Pal, L., & Manson, J. E. (2021) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnab011 · Cited by 174
Peters, B. A., Lin, J., Qi, Q., Usyk, M., Isasi, C. R., Mossavar-Rahmani, Y., Derby, C. A., Santoro, N., Perreira, K. M., Daviglus, M. L., et al. (2022) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.00273-22 · Cited by 130
Self-citationAging conundrum: A perspective for ovarian aging
Wu, J., Liu, Y., Song, Y., Wang, L., Ai, J., & Li, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.952471 · Cited by 73
Yue, H., Yang, Y., Xie, F., Cui, J., Li, Y., Si, M., Li, S., & Yao, F. (2025) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-025-01712-z · Cited by 28
Shabani, F., Montazeri, M., Abdolalipour, S., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2022) · Post Reproductive Health · doi:10.1177/20533691221140191 · Cited by 12
Alfaro-Magallanes, V., Benito, P., Rael, B., Barba-Moreno, L., Romero-Parra, N., Cupeiro, R., Swinkels, D., Laarakkers, C., Peinado, A., & on behalf of the IronFEMME Study Group (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12123866 · Cited by 5
Vallée, A., & Ayoubi, J.-M. (2026) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2026.109043 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Santoro, N., Roeca, C., Peters, B. A., & Neal-Perry, G.
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2020-10-23
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-15
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W3094300996
- Cited by
- 631
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 21.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
