Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 771

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Glucocorticoids Act Directly on Osteoblasts and Osteocytes to Induce Their Apoptosis and Reduce Bone Formation and Strength

O’Brien, Charles A., Jia, Dan, Plotkin, Lilian I., Bellido, Teresita, Powers, Cara C., Stewart, Scott A., Manolagas, Stavros C., Weinstein, Robert S.·2004·Endocrinology
DOI 10.1210/en.2003-0990
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Whether the negative impact of excess glucocorticoids on the skeleton is due to direct effects on bone cells, indirect effects on extraskeletal tissues, or both is unknown. To determine the contribution of direct effects of glucocorticoids on osteoblastic/osteocytic cells in vivo, we blocked glucocorticoid action on these cells via transgenic expression of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, an enzyme that inactivates glucocorticoids. Osteoblast/osteocyte-specific expression was achieved by insertion of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 cDNA downstream from the osteoblast-specific osteocalcin promoter. The transgene did not affect normal bone development or turnover as demonstrated by identical bone density, strength, and histomorphometry in adult transgenic and wild-type animals. Administration of excess glucocorticoids induced equivalent bone loss in wild-type and transgenic mice. As expected, cancellous osteoclasts were unaffected by the transgene. However, the increase in osteoblast apoptosis that occurred in wild-type mice was prevented in transgenic mice. Consistent with this, osteoblasts, osteoid area, and bone formation rate were significantly higher in glucocorticoid-treated transgenic mice compared with glucocorticoid-treated wild-type mice. Glucocorticoid-induced osteocyte apoptosis was also prevented in transgenic mice. Strikingly, the loss of vertebral compression strength observed in glucocorticoid-treated wild-type mice was prevented in the transgenic mice, despite equivalent bone loss. These results demonstrate for the first time that excess glucocorticoids directly affect bone forming cells in vivo. Furthermore, our results suggest that glucocorticoid-induced loss of bone strength results in part from increased death of osteocytes, independent of bone loss.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1210/en.2003-0990

Cites

33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 33 references

Cited by

See all 771

Metadata

Authors
O’Brien, C. A., Jia, D., Plotkin, L. I., Bellido, T., Powers, C. C., Stewart, S. A., Manolagas, S. C., & Weinstein, R. S.
Venue
Endocrinology
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2004-04
Volume
145
Issue
4
Pages
1835-1841
ISSN
  • 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7170
DOI
10.1210/en.2003-0990
OpenAlex
W2116751183
Cited by
771
References
33
FWCI
7.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Glucocorticoids Act Directly on Osteoblasts and Osteocytes to Induce Their Apoptosis and Reduce Bone Formation and Strength. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1210/en.2003-0990
The paper
O’Brien, C. A., Jia, D., Plotkin, L. I., Bellido, T., Powers, C. C., Stewart, S. A., Manolagas, S. C., & Weinstein, R. S. (2004). Glucocorticoids Act Directly on Osteoblasts and Osteocytes to Induce Their Apoptosis and Reduce Bone Formation and Strength. Endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-0990

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.