Antiapoptotic Effects of Estrogen in Normal and Cancer Human Cervical Epithelial Cells
Abstract
The present study investigated the antiapoptotic effects of estrogen in normal and cancer human cervical cells and the mechanisms involved. Baseline apoptosis in human cervical epithelial cells is mediated predominantly by P2X7-receptor-induced, Ca2+-dependent activation of the mitochondrial (caspase-9) pathway. Treatment with 10 nm 17β-estradiol blocked apoptosis induced by the P2X7-receptor ligands ATP and 2′,3′-0-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)-ATP in normal human cervical epithelial cells (hECEs) and attenuated the effect in hECEs immortalized with human papillomavirus-16 (ECE16–1) and the cancer cervical cells HT3 and CaSki. Diethylstilbestrol and to a lesser degree estrone could mimic the effects of 17β-estradiol, whereas actinomycin-D and cycloheximide attenuated the response. The antiapoptotic effect of estrogen did not depend on cell cycle phase, and in both normal and cancer cervical cells, it involved attenuation of activation of caspase-9 and the terminal caspase-3. However, involvement of cascades upstream to the caspase-9 differed in normal vs. cancer cervical cells. In the normal hECEs estrogen blocked P2X7-receptor-induced calcium influx. In contrast, in the cancer CaSki cells, estrogen up-regulated expression of Bcl-2 and attenuated Ca2+-induced mitochondrial swelling (i.e. formation of mitochondrial permeability transition pores). Estrogen had no effect on P2X7-receptor-induced apoptosis in the anaplastic SiHa and Hela cells. These results point to a novel antiapoptotic effect of estrogen in the cervix that is independent of its mitogenic function. The results also suggest that cancer cervical cells evolved antiapoptotic mechanisms that enable the cells to evade apoptosis and could therefore promote tumor progression.
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P2RX7 mediates apoptosis by activating mitochondrial caspase 9 pathway in human cervical endothelial cells.
“P2RX7 mediates apoptosis by activating mitochondrial caspase 9 pathway in human cervical endothelial cells (Wang et al. 2004).”
From miR‐186 is decreased in aged brain and suppresses <scp>BACE</scp>1 expression (2016) · cites this paper as Wang et al. 2004
The section “Estrogen blocks BzATP activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3” reports that P2X7 receptor activation induces apoptosis mainly through the mitochondrial pathway and that BzATP activates caspase-9. However, the cells studied are human cervical epithelial cells, not endothelial cells; the claim's cell type is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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Self-citationReduced Mitogenicity of Sera Following Weight Loss in Premenopausal Women
Azrad, M., Chang, P., Gower, B. A., Hunter, G. R., & Nagy, T. R. (2011) · Nutrition and Cancer · doi:10.1080/01635581.2011.594209 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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VARANI, K., CARAMORI, G., VINCENZI, F., Adcock, I., CASOLARI, P., Leung, E., MacLennan, S., Gessi, S., Morello, S., J., B. P., et al. (2006) · Purinergic Signalling · doi:10.1007/s11302-006-9006-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Expression and function of the P2X7 receptor on human malignant cell lines
Gadeock, S. (2010) · Research Online (University of Wollongong)
- Authors
- Wang, Q., Li, X., Wang, L., Feng, Y.-H., Zeng, R., & Gorodeski, G.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gorodeski, George
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2004-12-01
- Volume
- 145
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 5568-5579
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7170
- OpenAlex
- W2122574609
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r29hd029924-02)
- National Institute on Aging (AG15955)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL041618, HL-41618)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD29924)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Physiology › Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Keywords
- estrogen, anti-apoptotic effects, cervical epithelial cells, cervical cancer, P2X7 receptor, caspase-9, caspase-3, mitochondrial apoptosis, estradiol, diethylstilbestrol, estrone, calcium influx, mitochondrial permeability transition pore, Bcl-2, HPV16, tumor progression
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Adult, Affinity Labels, Calcium, Cell Cycle, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Epithelial Cells, Estrogens, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Mitochondrial Swelling, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Apoptosis, Receptors, Purinergic P2, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, Caspases, Caspase 3, Caspase 9, Receptors, Purinergic P2X7
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