Minireview: NAD+, a Circadian Metabolite with an Epigenetic Twist
Open accessAbstract
A wide variety of endocrine, physiological, and metabolic functions follow daily oscillations. Most of these regulations are controlled at the level of gene expression by the circadian clock and, a remarkably coordinated transcription-translation machinery that exerts its function in virtually all mammalian cells. A large fraction of the genome is under control of the circadian clock, a regulation that is achieved through dynamic changes in chromatin states. Recent findings have demonstrated intimate connections between the circadian clock and epigenetic control. The case of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which modulates the circadian activity of the deacetylase sirtuin 1, constitutes a paradigmatic example of the link between cyclic cellular metabolism and chromatin remodeling. Indeed, the clock transcriptional feedback loop is interlocked with the enzymatic loop of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage pathway.
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The SIR2 family of histone deacetylases deacetylates both histones and nonhistone proteins and thus modulates multiple cellular functions and affects gene expression.
“The SIR2 family of HDAC, also known as class III HDAC or SIRT, deacetylates both histones and nonhistone proteins and thus modulates multiple cellular functions 40,41 and affects gene expression.”
From Epigenetic mechanisms of major depression: Targeting neuronal plasticity (2018) · cites this paper as [42]
CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimers drive rhythmic expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD+ salvage pathway; NAD+ acts as a cofactor for SIRT1, which regulates the activity of CLOCK-BMAL1.
“For example, CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimers drive rhythmic expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, which is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the NAD+ salvage pathway; NAD+ acts as a cofactor for Sirtuin (SIRT1), which regulates the activity of CLOCK-BMAL1 among its other metabolic functions (23,24).”
From Circadian rhythms, metabolism, and chrononutrition in rodents and humans (2016) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Sassone-Corsi, P.
- Affiliations
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2012-01-01
- Volume
- 153
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-5
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7170
- PMC
- PMC3249676
- OpenAlex
- W2069707901
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Keywords
- NAD+, circadian clock, epigenetic regulation, SIRT1, chromatin remodeling, circadian gene expression, transcription-translation feedback loop
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Models, Biological, NAD, Feedback, Physiological, Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly, Epigenesis, Genetic, Circadian Clocks
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