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Cited by 114Bone health and osteoporosis researchMuscle metabolism and nutritionNutrition and Health in Aging

Effect of dietary protein supplements on calcium excretion in healthy older men and women

Dawson-Hughes, Bess, Harris, Susan S., Rasmussen, Helen, Song, Lingyi, Dallal, Gerard E.·2004·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
DOI 10.1210/jc.2003-031466
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Abstract

Currently there is no consensus on the impact of dietary protein on calcium and bone metabolism. This study was conducted to examine the effect of increasing protein intake on urinary calcium excretion and to compare circulating levels of IGF-I and biochemical markers of bone turnover in healthy older men and women who consumed either a high or a low protein food supplement for 9 wk. Thirty-two subjects with usual protein intakes of less than 0.85 g/kg.d were randomly assigned to daily high (0.75 g/kg) or low (0.04 g/kg) protein supplement groups. Isocaloric diets were maintained by advising subjects to reduce their intake of carbohydrates. Selected biochemical measurements were made at baseline and on d 35 and either d 49 or 63. Changes in urinary calcium excretion in the two groups did not differ significantly over the course of the study. The high protein group had significantly higher levels of serum IGF-I (P = 0.008) and lower levels of urinary N-telopeptide (P = 0.038) over the period of d 35-49 or 63. We conclude that increasing protein intake from 0.78 to 1.55 g/kg.d with meat supplements in combination with reducing carbohydrate intake did not alter urine calcium excretion, but was associated with higher circulating levels of IGF-I, a bone growth factor, and lowered levels of urinary N-telopeptide, a marker of bone resorption. In contrast to the widely held belief that increased protein intake results in calcium wasting, meat supplements, when exchanged isocalorically for carbohydrates, may have a favorable impact on the skeleton in healthy older men and women.

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  • In older people with osteoporosis, a systematic review, prospective cohort studies, and a randomized controlled trial found higher bone mineral density when protein intake was higher than 0.8 g/kg body weight per day or was 24% of total energy intake.

    “In older people with osteoporosis, findings from a systematic review, 88 several prospective cohort studies, 89,90 and a randomized, controlled trial 91 (RCT) all found higher bone mineral density when protein intake was at levels higher than 0.8 g/kg BW/d or was 24% of total energy intake (Table 4).”

    From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [91]

    This is a randomized trial of higher protein intake in older adults, and the Results (p. 3) report an increase in bone mineral content within the high-protein group. But the participants were healthy, not described as having osteoporosis; the study does not report higher bone mineral density after treatment, and the difference in bone mineral content change between groups was not significant (P = 0.757). (LLM, conf=0.88)

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  • An RCT in 32 older subjects for 9 weeks showed BMD increased in the higher protein group (24% vs 16% of energy).

    “Dawson-Hughes 2004 91 High protein diet (24% of energy) vs low protein diet (16% of energy) RCT in 32 old subjects for 9 weeks, BMD increased in the higher protein group”

    From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as Dawson-Hughes 2004

    The Experimental design (p. 1) describes random assignment for 63 days, and the Results (pp. 2–3) report 32 analyzed subjects and protein intakes of 24% versus 16% of energy. The Results (p. 3) report a significant increase in total-body bone mineral content (BMC) within the higher-protein group, not an increase in bone mineral density (BMD); the difference in BMC change between groups was not significant (P = 0.757). (LLM, conf=0.91)

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Authors
Dawson-Hughes, B., Harris, S. S., Rasmussen, H., Song, L., & Dallal, G. E.
Affiliations
  • New England Research Institutes (US)
  • Tufts University (US)
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2004-03
Volume
89
Issue
3
Pages
1169-1173
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
DOI
10.1210/jc.2003-031466
OpenAlex
W2008108291
Cited by
114
References
17
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
FWCI
7.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Keywords
protein supplementation, calcium excretion, urinary calcium, bone metabolism, insulin-like growth factor I, N-telopeptide, bone resorption, bone turnover markers, older adults, meat proteins, carbohydrate restriction, isocaloric diet
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Composition, Calcium, Collagen, Dietary Proteins, Female, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Male, Meat, Middle Aged, Parathyroid Hormone, Peptides, Osteocalcin, Bone Remodeling, Dietary Supplements, Collagen Type I

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