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Early Menarche and the Development of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adolescent Girls: The Fels Longitudinal Study
Open accessAbstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of menarcheal age on changes in insulin, glucose, lipids, and blood pressure during adolescence and to assess whether body composition modifies this relationship. We examined 391 girls, a subset of Fels Longitudinal Study female participants (8–21 yr of age). Self-reported menarcheal age was classified based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III distribution, in which early menarche was at the 25th percentile or less (11.9 yr). Age at menarche was examined in relation to measures of body composition [e.g. fat-free mass (FFM) and percent body fat (PBF)], insulin resistance, blood pressure, and lipid profile. The effects of menarcheal age and body composition on cardiovascular disease risk factor changes were analyzed with serial data mixed models. Median menarcheal age was 12.7 yr (range, 9.8–17.0 yr), with 91 girls (23%) classified as early menarche. Girls with early menarche had more deleterious changes in insulin, glucose, blood pressure, FFM, and PBF levels than girls with average or late menarche. Menarcheal age adversely affected cardiovascular disease risk factor changes independent of age and changes in FFM or PBF. Girls with early menarche exhibited elevated blood pressure and glucose intolerance compared with later maturing girls, independent of body composition.
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Cites
Age at menarche and racial comparisons in US girls
Chumlea, W. C., Schubert, C. M., Roche, A. F., Kulin, H. E., Lee, P. A., Himes, J. H., & Sun, S. S. (2003) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.111.1.110 · Cited by 685
Must, A. (2002) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/155.7.672 · Cited by 506
Cited by
Early age at menarche associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality
Lakshman, R., Forouhi, N. G., Sharp, S. J., Luben, R., Bingham, S. A., Khaw, K.-T., Wareham, N. J., & Ong, K. K. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1789 · Cited by 542
Childhood obesity and the timing of puberty
Ahmed, M. L., Ong, K. K., & Dunger, D. B. (2009) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2009.02.004 · Cited by 409
Insulin resistance in children: Consensus, perspective, and future directions
Levy-Marchal, C., Arslanian, S., Cutfield, W., Sinaiko, A., Druet, C., Marcovecchio, M. L., & Chiarelli, F. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2010-1047 · Cited by 405
A school-based obesity control programme: Project Energize. Two-year outcomes
Rush, E., Reed, P., McLennan, S., Coppinger, T., Simmons, D., & Graham, D. (2012) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114511003151 · Cited by 93
Ertel, K. A., Koenen, K. C., Rich-Edwards, J. W., & Gillman, M. W. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013656 · Cited by 33
Metadata
- Authors
- Remsberg, K. E., Demerath, E. W., Schubert, C. M., Chumlea, W. C., Sun, S. S., & Siervogel, R. M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2005-05-01
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2718-2724
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W1965440104
- Cited by
- 253
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 8.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Remsberg, K. E., Demerath, E. W., Schubert, C. M., Chumlea, W. C., Sun, S. S., & Siervogel, R. M. (2005). Early Menarche and the Development of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adolescent Girls: The Fels Longitudinal Study. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2004-1991
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