The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Level of sex hormone-binding globulin is positively correlated with insulin sensitivity in men with type 2 diabetes
Abstract
The level of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is associated with glucose metabolism in nondiabetic women and men, and the finding of low SHBG levels is suggested to be a predictor of the development of type 2 (noninsulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. To further assess the relationship between SHBG levels and glucose metabolism, we measured serum concentrations of sex hormones and SHBG in 23 well characterized diabetic men, and studied the relationship between these variables and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp technique. There was a strong positive correlation between the level of SHBG and the sensitivity to insulin in these individuals (r = 0.74; P < 0.001), which was independent of obesity and abdominal fat accumulation. Controlling for the effect of fasting C-peptide and insulin levels did not change the correlation coefficient significantly. SHBG levels did not correlate with levels of free testosterone (F-T), free estradiol (F-E2), or F-T/F-E2 ratio. F-E2 was positively correlated with levels of diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides (r = 0.44; P < 0.05 and r = 0.62; P < 0.001, respectively). These findings support earlier observations that associate insulin resistance with levels of SHBG, and for the first time demonstrate a direct correlation between sensitivity to insulin and SHBG levels in men with type 2 diabetes.
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In the citing paper
“Both low testosterone [38]–[40] and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) [41], [42] are associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.”
From Impact of Five Nights of Sleep Restriction on Glucose Metabolism, Leptin and Testosterone in Young Adult Men (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“In addition, SHBG was also found to be negatively associated with plasma glucose, insulin levels and IR [125–127].”
From Role of sex hormone-binding globulin in the free hormone hypothesis and the relevance of free testosterone in androgen physiology (2022) · cites this paper as [127]
Citations
Cites
NESTLER, J. E., POWERS, L. P., MATT, D. W., STEINGOLD, K. A., PLYMATE, S. R., RITTMASTER, R. S., CLORE, J. N., & BLACKARD, W. G. (1991) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-72-1-83 · Cited by 815
Early Metabolic Defects in Persons at Increased Risk for Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Eriksson, J., Franssila-Kallunki, A., Ekstrand, A., Saloranta, C., Widén, E., Schalin, C., & Groop, L. (1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198908103210601 · Cited by 807
Low serum testosterone and sex-hormone-binding-globulin in massively obese men
GLASS, A. R., SWERDLOFF, R. S., BRAY, G. A., DAHMS, W. T., & ATKINSON, R. L. (1977) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-45-6-1211 · Cited by 430
ENDOGENOUS SEX HORMONE LEVELS IN OLDER ADULT MEN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
BARRETT-CONNOR, E., KHAW, K.-T., & YEN, S. S. C. (1990) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115732 · Cited by 217
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Sorted by citations
Ding, E. L., Song, Y., Malik, V. S., & Liu, S.-M. (2006) · Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) · doi:10.1016/s0755-4982(06)74715-7 · Cited by 1,419
“In addition, previous prospective studies have shown that testosterone, estradiol, and SHBG were all uncorrelated with baseline fasting insulin levels14,57 and that SHBG remained correlated with insulin sensitivity independent of levels of both insulin and Cpeptide.37 In our analysis, the pooled mean testosterone diff…”
InfluentialGender differences in insulin resistance, body composition, and energy balance
Geer, E. B., & Shen, W. (2009) · Gender Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.genm.2009.02.002 · Cited by 913
Physical activity and exercise: Strategies to manage frailty
Angulo, J., El Assar, M., Álvarez-Bustos, A., & Rodríguez-Mañas, L. (2020) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2020.101513 · Cited by 771
Kupelian, V., Page, S. T., Araujo, A. B., Travison, T. G., Bremner, W. J., & McKinlay, J. B. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-1326 · Cited by 561
Relationship Between Testosterone Levels, Insulin Sensitivity, and Mitochondrial Function in Men
Pitteloud, N., Mootha, V. K., Dwyer, A. A., Hardin, M., Lee, H., Eriksson, K.-F., Tripathy, D., Yialamas, M., Groop, L., Elahi, D., et al. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.7.1636 · Cited by 472
“Two studies demonstrate a positive relationship between total testosterone levels and insulin sensitivity in normal (20) and diabetic men (21).”
BackgroundResult
Metadata
- Authors
- Birkeland, K. I., Hanssen, K. F., Torjesen, P. A., & Vaaler, S.
- Affiliations
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- ORCID
- Birkeland, K I
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1993-02
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 275-278
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2155219543
- Cited by
- 161
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- sex hormone-binding globulin, insulin sensitivity, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, free estradiol, free testosterone, sex hormones, triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure, men
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Aged, Body Composition, C-Peptide, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Estradiol, Humans, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Regression Analysis, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Glucose Clamp Technique, Body Mass Index
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