Cited by 203Cancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersThyroid Disorders and TreatmentsAdrenal Hormones and Disorders

Patients With Antithyroid Antibodies Are Prone To Develop Destructive Thyroiditis by Nivolumab: A Prospective Study

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Kobayashi, Tomoko, Iwama, Shintaro, Yasuda, Yoshinori, Okada, Norio, Tsunekawa, Taku, Onoue, Takeshi, Takagi, Hiroshi, Hagiwara, Daisuke +16 more·2018·Journal of the Endocrine Society

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including anti–programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibodies, have become promising treatments for a variety of advanced malignancies. However, these medicines can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including endocrinopathies. This study examined the incidence of endocrine irAEs induced by nivolumab. Sixty-six patients treated with nivolumab at Nagoya University Hospital were prospectively evaluated for pituitary hormones, thyroid function, antithyroid antibodies (Abs), and glucose levels every 6 weeks after the initiation of nivolumab for 24 weeks. Four out of 66 patients developed destructive thyroiditis, and three patients developed hypothyroidism requiring levothyroxine replacement. The prevalence of positive anti-thyroglobulin Abs (TgAbs) and/or anti–thyroid peroxidase Abs (TPOAbs) at baseline was significantly higher in the group that developed destructive thyroiditis (3/4) compared with the group that did not develop thyroiditis (3/62; P = 0.002). There were no significant differences in other clinical variables between the groups. There were no endocrine irAEs other than destructive thyroiditis during the 24 weeks. The prevalence of TgAbs and/or TPOAbs at baseline was not associated with the development of other irAEs, including pneumonitis, colitis, or skin reactions. Our real-world data showed that destructive thyroiditis was an endocrine irAE that was frequently induced by nivolumab and was significantly associated with positive TgAbs and/or TPOAbs before treatment. Our findings indicate that evaluating these Abs before treatment may help identify patients with a high risk of thyroidal irAEs and may have important clinical benefit.

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  • Positive TPOAb and/or thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAb) are associated with a 40 to 70% risk of hypothyroidism during immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPi) treatment.

    “Two retrospective and two prospective studies reported that positive TPOAb and/or thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAb) are associated with a 40 to 70% risk of hypothyroidism during treatment”

    From Graves’ Disease during Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy (A Case Series and Literature Review) (2021) · cites this paper as [54]

    The Results and Discussion (pages unavailable in our copy) report that 3 of 6 antibody-positive patients developed destructive thyroiditis during nivolumab treatment, a 50% incidence. But 50% is the figure for thyroiditis, not hypothyroidism: the Discussion says only three of the four thyroiditis cases progressed to hypothyroidism, and the Results identify one of those cases as antibody-negative. The paper therefore does not support a 40–70% hypothyroidism risk in antibody-positive patients. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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  • Patients who had ICPi-induced hypothyroidism had positive anti-thyroid autoantibodies in 75 to 100% of cases.

    “and that patients who had ICPi-induced hypothyroidism had positive anti-thyroid autoantibodies in 75 to 100% of cases [54,55,56,57].”
  • Male gender and older age may be risk factors for hypophysitis, though this has only been observed in one small series.

    “Male gender and older age may be risk factors although this has only been observed in one small series.58”

    From Endocrine toxicities of immune checkpoint inhibitors (2021) · cites this paper as [58]

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Authors
Kobayashi, T., Iwama, S., Yasuda, Y., Okada, N., Tsunekawa, T., Onoue, T., Takagi, H., Hagiwara, D., Ito, Y., Morishita, Y., Goto, M., Suga, H., Banno, R., Yokota, K., Hase, T., Morise, M., Hashimoto, N., Ando, M., Kiyoi, H., Gotoh, M., Ando, Y., Akiyama, M., Hasegawa, Y., & Arima, H.
Affiliations
  • Nagoya University (JP)
  • Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University (JP)
  • Nagoya University Hospital (JP)
  • Department of Clinical Oncology and Chemotherapy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
Corresponding author
Iwama, Shintaro
Venue
Journal of the Endocrine Society
Published
2018-02-06
Volume
2
Issue
3
Pages
241-251
ISSN
2472-1972 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2794031826
Cited by
203
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 5
FWCI
8.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-nd
Locations
  • Journal of the Endocrine Society (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion)
  • Nagoya University Repository (NAGOYA Repository) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (17K09921, 16K19552)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Keywords
nivolumab, immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune-related adverse events, destructive thyroiditis, thyroid autoantibodies, thyroglobulin antibodies, thyroid peroxidase antibodies, hypothyroidism, PD-1 inhibitors, endocrine adverse events

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