Cited by 863Cancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersCutaneous Melanoma Detection and ManagementImmunotherapy and Immune Responses

Nivolumab in Resected and Unresectable Metastatic Melanoma: Characteristics of Immune-Related Adverse Events and Association with Outcomes

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Freeman-Keller, Morganna, Kim, Youngchul, Cronin, Heather, Richards, Allison, Gibney, Geoffrey, Weber, Jeffrey S.·2016·Clinical Cancer Research

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

Purpose: Retrospective analysis of irAEs in melanoma patients treated with nivolumab. Experimental Design: Data were pooled from 148 patients (33 resected, 115 unresectable) treated with nivolumab plus peptide vaccine or nivolumab alone every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. Patients with stable disease or regression received an additional 12-week cycle, then nivolumab alone every 12 weeks for up to 2 additional years. Frequency, grade, and characteristics of immune-related adverse events (irAE) were analyzed. A 12-week landmark survival analysis using a multivariate time-dependent Cox proportional hazard model assessed difference in overall survival (OS) in the presence or absence of irAEs. Results: IrAEs of any grade were observed in 68.2% of patients (101 of 148). Grade III/IV irAEs were infrequent: 3 (2%) had grade III rash, 2 (1.35%) had asymptomatic grade III elevation in amylase/lipase, and 2 (1.35%) had grade III colitis. A statistically significant OS difference was noted among patients with any grade of irAE versus those without (P ≤ 0.001), and OS benefit was noted in patients who reported three or more irAE events (P ≤ 0.001). Subset analyses showed statistically significant OS differences with rash [P = 0.001; HR, 0.423; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.243–0.735] and vitiligo (P = 0.012; HR, 0.184; 95% CI, 0.036–0.94). Rash and vitiligo also correlated with statistically significant OS differences in patients with metastatic disease (P = 0.004 and P = 0.028, respectively). No significant survival differences were seen with other irAEs (endocrinopathies, colitis, or pneumonitis). Conclusions: Cutaneous irAEs are associated with improved survival in melanoma patients treated with nivolumab, and clinical benefit should be validated in larger prospective analyses. Clin Cancer Res; 22(4); 886–94. ©2015 AACR.

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Authors
Freeman-Keller, M., Kim, Y., Cronin, H., Richards, A., Gibney, G., & Weber, J. S.
Affiliations
  • University of South Florida (US)
  • 2Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
  • Moffitt Cancer Center (US)
  • 4Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC.
Corresponding author
Freeman-Keller, Morganna
Venue
Clinical Cancer Research
Published
2016-02-14
Volume
22
Issue
4
Pages
886-894
ISSN
  • 1078-0432 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-3265
OpenAlex
W2179179825
Cited by
863
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 128 · 2020: 124 · 2019: 122 · 2018: 84 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 1
FWCI
26.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Clinical Cancer Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
The Donald A Adam Comprehensive Melanoma Research Center, NCI Cancer Center Support Grant, NCI (RO1CA129594,FDARO1FD-003511, P30 CA076292)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Keywords
nivolumab, immune-related adverse events, metastatic melanoma, cutaneous immune-related adverse events, rash, vitiligo, overall survival, peptide vaccine, immune checkpoint inhibitors, resected melanoma, unresectable melanoma
MeSH terms
Nivolumab, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antineoplastic Agents, Exanthema, Humans, Hypothyroidism, Melanoma, Pneumonia, Skin Neoplasms, Multivariate Analysis, Proportional Hazards Models, Treatment Outcome, Mucositis, Kaplan-Meier Estimate

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