Phase II screening trial of lithium carbonate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Examining a more efficient trial design
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To use a historical placebo control design to determine whether lithium carbonate slows progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS: A phase II trial was conducted at 10 sites in the Western ALS Study Group using similar dosages (300-450 mg/day), target blood levels (0.3-0.8 mEq/L), outcome measures, and trial duration (13 months) as the positive trial. However, taking riluzole was not a requirement for study entry. Placebo outcomes in patients matched for baseline features from a large database of recent clinical trials, showing stable rates of decline over the past 9 years, were used as historical controls. RESULTS: The mean rate of decline of the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised was greater in 107 patients taking lithium carbonate (-1.20/month, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.41 to -0.98) than that in 249 control patients (-1.01/month, 95% CI -1.11 to -0.92, p = 0.04). There were no differences in secondary outcome measures (forced vital capacity, time to failure, and quality of life), but there were more adverse events in the treated group. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of therapeutic benefit and safety concerns, taken together with similar results from 2 other recent trials, weighs against the use of lithium carbonate in patients with ALS. The absence of drift over time and the availability of a large database of patients for selecting a matched historical control group suggest that use of historical controls may result in more efficient phase II trials for screening putative ALS therapeutic agents. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provided Class IV evidence that lithium carbonate does not slow the rate of decline of function in patients with ALS over 13 months.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Despite early enthusiasm over lithium in patients and mouse models, five subsequent trials showed no clinical benefit in survival or neuromuscular outcomes for ALS patients.
“Despite early enthusiasm over lithium in patients and mouse models [505,506], five subsequent trials showed no clinical benefit in survival or neuromuscular outcomes for ALS patients [507–511].”
From Autophagy and ALS: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications (2022) · cites this paper as [509]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
El Escorial revisited: revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Brooks, B. R., Miller, R. G., Swash, M., & Munsat, T. L. (2000) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Disorders · doi:10.1080/146608200300079536 · Cited by 5,433 · see citing works
Self-citationLithium induces autophagy by inhibiting inositol monophosphatase
Sarkar, S., Floto, R. A., Berger, Z., Imarisio, S., Cordenier, A., Pasco, M., Cook, L. J., & Rubinsztein, D. C. (2005) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200504035 · Cited by 985 · see citing works
Miller, R. G., Jackson, C. E., Kasarskis, E. J., England, J. D., Forshew, D. A., Johnston, W. S. W., Kalra, S., Katz, J., Mitsumoto, H., Rosenfeld, J., et al. (2009) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181bc0141 · Cited by 808 · see citing works
Self-citationEfficacy of minocycline in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a phase III randomised trial
Gordon, P. H., Moore, D. H., Miller, R. G., Florence, J. M., Verheijde, J. L., Doorish, C., Hilton, J. F., Spitalny, G. M., MacArthur, R. B., Mitsumoto, H., et al. (2007) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70270-3 · Cited by 649 · see citing works
Self-citationLithium delays progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Fornai, F., Longone, P., Cafaro, L., Kastsiuchenka, O., Ferrucci, M., Manca, M. L., Lazzeri, G., Spalloni, A., Bellio, N., Lenzi, P., et al. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0708022105 · Cited by 550 · see citing works
The NINDS NET-PD Investigators (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000201252.57661.e1 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Trial of celecoxib in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Cudkowicz, M., Shefner, J. M., Schoenfeld, D., Zhang, H., Andreasson, K. I., Rothstein, J. D., & Drachman, D. B. (2006) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20903 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
A clinical trial of creatine in ALS
Shefner, J. M., Cudkowicz, M., Schoenfeld, D., Conrad, T. M., Taft, J., Chilton, M., Urbinelli, L., Qureshi, M., Zhang, H., Pestronk, A., et al. (2004) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000142992.81995.f0 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Self-citationA randomized sequential trial of creatine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Groeneveld, G. J., Veldink, J. H., van der Tweel, I., Kalmijn, S., Beijer, C., de Visser, M., Wokke, J. H. J., Franssen, H., & van den Berg, L. H. (2003) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10554 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Quality of life in ALS is maintained as physical function declines
Robbins, R. A., Simmons, Z., Bremer, B. A., Walsh, S. M., & Fischer, S. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.56.4.442 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Phase II trial of CoQ10 for ALS finds insufficient evidence to justify phase III
Kaufmann, P., Thompson, J. L. P., Levy, G., Buchsbaum, R., Shefner, J. M., Krivickas, L. S., Katz, J., Rollins, Y. D., Barohn, R. J., Jackson, C. E., et al. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21743 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Self-citationAggarwal, S. P., Zinman, L., Simpson, E., McKinley, J., Jackson, K. E., Pinto, H., Kaufman, P., Conwit, R. A., Schoenfeld, D., Shefner, J., et al. (2010) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(10)70068-5 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Self-citationInositol and IP3 Levels Regulate Autophagy—Biology and Therapeutic Speculations
Sarkar, S., & Rubinsztein, D. C. (2005) · Autophagy · doi:10.4161/auto.2387 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Phase II/III randomized trial of TCH346 in patients with ALS
Miller, R. G., Bradley, W. G., Cudkowicz, M., Hubble, J. P., Meininger, V., Mitsumoto, H., Moore, D. H., Pohlmann, H., Sauer, D., Silani, V., et al. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000269676.07319.09 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationAutophagy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: The multiple roles of lithium
Fornai, F., Longone, P., Ferrucci, M., Lenzi, P., Isidoro, C., Ruggieri, S., & Paparelli, A. (2008) · Autophagy · doi:10.4161/auto.5923 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Lithium carbonate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Lack of efficacy in a dose-finding trial
Chiò, A., Borghero, G., Calvo, A., Capasso, M., Caponnetto, C., Corbo, M., Giannini, F., Logroscino, G., Mandrioli, J., Marcello, N., et al. (2010) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181ed9e7c · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Toward more efficient clinical trials for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Cudkowicz, M., Katz, J., Moore, D. H., O’Neill, G. N., Glass, J. D., Mitsumoto, H., Appel, S. H., Ravina, B. M., Kieburtz, K. D., Shoulson, I., et al. (2009) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis · doi:10.3109/17482960903358865 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationCalculating sample size in trials using historical controls
Zhang, S., Cao, J., & Ahn, C. W. (2010) · Clinical Trials · doi:10.1177/1740774510373629 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The value of database controls in pilot or futility studies in ALS
Czapliński, A., Haverkamp, L. J., Yen, A. A., Simpson, E. P., Lai, E. C., & Appel, S. H. (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000244415.48221.81 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationCan we eliminate placebo in ALS clinical Trials?
Simmons, Z. (2009) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.21358 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
A placebo arm is not always necessary in clinical trials of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Gordon, P. H. (2009) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.21354 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Riluzole and edaravone: A tale of two amyotrophic lateral sclerosis drugs
Jaiswal, M. K. (2018) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.21528 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Therapeutic potential of mood stabilizers lithium and valproic acid:Beyond bipolar disorder
Chiu, C.-T., Wang, Z., Hunsberger, J. G., & Chuang, D.-M. (2013) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.111.005512 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Mitsumoto, H., Brooks, B. R., & Silani, V. (2014) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70129-2 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Crowdsourced analysis of clinical trial data to predict amyotrophic lateral sclerosis progression
Küffner, R., Zach, N., Norel, R., Hawe, J. S., Schoenfeld, D., Wang, L., Li, G., Fang, L., Mackey, L. W., Hardiman, O. M., et al. (2014) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.3051 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Autophagy and ALS: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications
Chua, J. P., De Calbiac, H., Kabashi, E., & Barmada, S. J. (2022) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2021.1926656 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Mitochondrial dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – a valid pharmacological target?
Muyderman, H., & Chen, T. H. (2013) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.12476 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
(2013) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70037-1 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitors: Preclinical and Clinical Focus on CNS-A Decade Onward
Ruiz, S. M. A., & Eldar-Finkelman, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2021.792364 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Ludolph, A. C., Brettschneider, J., & Weishaupt, J. H. (2012) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/wco.0b013e328356d328 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Randomized phase 2 trial of NP001, a novel immune regulator
Miller, R. G., Block, G. A., Katz, J., Barohn, R. J., Gopalakrishnan, V., Cudkowicz, M., Zhang, J. R., McGrath, M. S., Ludington, E. A., Appel, S. H., et al. (2015) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000000100 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Autophagy: Dysfunction and Therapeutic Targeting
Amin, A., Perera, N. D., Beart, P. M., Turner, B. J., & Shabanpoor, F. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9112413 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Potential application of lithium in Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases
Lazzara, C. A., & Kim, Y. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00403 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Verstraete, E., Veldink, J. H., Huisman, M. H. B., Draak, T., Uijtendaal, E. V., van der Kooi, A. J., Schelhaas, H. J., de Visser, M., van der Tweel, I., & van den Berg, L. H. (2012) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2011-302021 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
A perspective on therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: can disease progression be curbed?
Xu, X., Shen, D., Gao, Y., Zhou, Q., Ni, Y., Meng, H., Shi, H., Le, W., Chen, S., & Chen, S. (2021) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-021-00250-5 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Therapeutic Development in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Bucchia, M., Ramirez, A., Parente, V., Simone, C., Nizzardo, M., Magri, F., Dametti, S., & Corti, S. P. (2015) · Clinical Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.12.020 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Cozzolino, M., Pesaresi, M. G., Gerbino, V., Großkreutz, J., & Carrı̀, M. T. (2012) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2011.4328 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Therapeutic progress in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-beginning to learning
Kumar, V., Islam, A., Hassan, M. I., & Ahmad, F. (2016) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.017 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
The unfolded protein response in amyotrophic later sclerosis: results of a phase 2 trial
Bella, E. D., Bersano, E., Antonini, G., Borghero, G., Capasso, M., Caponnetto, C., Chiò, A., Corbo, M., Filosto, M., Giannini, F., et al. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab167 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
A Phase 2, Double-Blind, Randomized, Dose-Ranging Trial Of Reldesemtiv In Patients With ALS
Shefner, J. M., Andrews, J. A., Genge, A. L., Jackson, C. E., Lechtzin, N., Miller, T. M., Cockroft, B. M., Meng, L., Wei, J., Wolff, A. A., et al. (2020) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration · doi:10.1080/21678421.2020.1822410 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Thakore, N. J., Lapin, B. R., & Pioro, E. P. (2017) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.26042 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Structural Variants May Be a Source of Missing Heritability in sALS
Theunissen, F., Flynn, L. L., Anderton, R. S., Mastaglia, F. L., Pytte, J., Jiang, L., Hodgetts, S. I., Burns, D. K., Saunders, A. M., Fletcher, S., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00047 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The MITOS system predicts long-term survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Tramacere, I., Bella, E. D., Chiò, A., Mora, G., Filippini, G., & Lauria, G. (2015) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2014-310176 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Katyal, N., & Govindarajan, R. (2017) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00521 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Rasagiline for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A randomized, controlled trial
Statland, J., Moore, D. H., Wang, Y., Walsh, M., Mozaffar, T., Elman, L. B., Nations, S., Mitsumoto, H., Fernandes, J. A., Saperstein, D., et al. (2018) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.26335 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationBeing PRO-ACTive: What can a Clinical Trial Database Reveal About ALS?
Zach, N., Ennist, D. L., Taylor, A. A., Alon, H., Sherman, A., Kueffner, R., Walker, J., Sinani, E., Katsovskiy, I., Cudkowicz, M., et al. (2015) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-015-0336-z · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Shefner, J. M., Wolff, A. A., Meng, L., Bian, A., Lee, J. S., Barragan, D., Andrews, J. A., & ; ON BEHALF OF THE BENEFIT-ALS STUDY GROUP (2016) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration · doi:10.3109/21678421.2016.1148169 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
A randomized clinical trial of lithium in multiple system atrophy
Saccà, F., Marsili, A., Quarantelli, M., Morra, V. B., Brunetti, A., Carbone, R., Pane, C., Puorro, G., Russo, C. V., Salvatore, E., et al. (2012) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-012-6655-7 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Boll, M., Bayliss, L., Vargas‐Cañas, S., Burgos, J., Montes, S., Peñaloza-Solano, G., Rı́os, C., & Alcaraz-Zubeldia, M. (2014) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.005 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
UNC13A confers risk for sporadic ALS and influences survival in a Spanish cohort
Vidal-Taboada, J. M., López-López, A., Salvadó, M., Lorenzo-Sanz, L., García, C. B., Mahy, N., Rodríguez, M. J., & Gámez, J. (2015) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-015-7843-z · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Current and prospective disease-modifying therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Morren, J. A., & Gálvez-Jiménez, N. (2012) · Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs · doi:10.1517/13543784.2012.657303 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Goyal, N., & Mozaffar, T. (2014) · Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs · doi:10.1517/13543784.2014.933807 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationClinical Trial Designs in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Does One Design Fit All?
Nicholson, K. A., Cudkowicz, M., & Berry, J. D. (2015) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-015-0341-2 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Macchi, Z. A., Wang, Y., Moore, D. H., Katz, J., Saperstein, D., Walk, D., Simpson, E. P., Genge, A. L., Bertorini, T. E., Fernandes, J. A., et al. (2015) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration · doi:10.3109/21678421.2015.1026826 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationNew considerations in the design of clinical trials for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Berry, J. D., & Cudkowicz, M. (2011) · Clinical Investigation · doi:10.4155/cli.11.127 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Pinto, S., & de Carvalho, M. A. (2012) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration · doi:10.3109/17482968.2012.726227 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
DeLoach, A., Cozart, M. A., Kiaei, A., & Kiaei, M. (2015) · Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery · doi:10.1517/17460441.2015.1067197 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Therapeutic targeting of ALS pathways: Refocusing an incomplete picture
Maragakis, N. J., de Carvalho, M. A., & Weiss, M. D. (2023) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.51887 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Myotubularin-related phosphatase 5 is a critical determinant of autophagy in neurons
Chua, J. P., Bedi, K., Paulsen, M. T., Ljungman, M. E., Tank, E. M. H., Kim, E. S., McBride, J. P., Colon, J., Ward, M. E., Weisman, L. S., et al. (2022) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.04.053 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Creation and implementation of a historical controls database from randomized clinical trials
Desai, J. R., Bowen, E., Danielson, M. M., Allam, R. R., & Cantor, M. N. (2013) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1136/amiajnl-2012-001257 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
In a search for efficient treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Old drugs for new approaches
Kukharsky, M. S., Skvortsova, V. I., Бачурин, С. О., & Buchman, V. L. (2020) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.21725 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Enhancing clinical trials in neurodegenerative disorders
Gladman, M., Cudkowicz, M., & Zinman, L. H. (2012) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/wco.0b013e32835a309d · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and the clinical potential of dexpramipexole
Gordon, P., & Corcia, P. (2012) · Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management · doi:10.2147/tcrm.s21981 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Cimini, S., Rizzardini, M., Biella, G., & Cantoni, L. (2013) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.12642 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Zou, Y.-H., Guan, P.-P., Zhang, S.-Q., Guo, Y., & Wang, P. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00817 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Using automated electronic medical record data extraction to model ALS survival and progression
Karanevich, A. G., Weisbrod, L. J., Jawdat, O., Barohn, R. J., Gajewski, B. J., He, J., & Statland, J. (2018) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-018-1208-z · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationBerres, M., Monsch, A. U., & Spiegel, R. (2021) · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13195-021-00832-5 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Lithium for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Much ado about nothing
Gámez, J., Salvadó, M., de la Ossa, A. M., & Badia, M. (2016) · Neurología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.nrleng.2013.02.010 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The final chapter of the ALS lithium saga
Chiò, A., & Mora, G. (2013) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70040-1 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Dachs, E., Piedrafita, L., Hereu, M., Esquerda, J. E., & Calderó, J. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.026 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Litio para el tratamiento de la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica: mucho ruido para nada
Gámez, J., Salvadó, M., de la Ossa, A. M., & Badia, M. (2013) · Neurología · doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2013.02.001 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Design, Conduct, and Analysis of Externally Controlled Trials
Liu, J., Yao, M., Wang, M., Jie, W., Liu, Y., Luo, X., Huan, J., Deng, K., Deng, K., Zou, K., et al. (2025) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.30277 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Dilemma of the Clinical Trialist in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Katz, J., Barohn, R. J., Dimachkie, M. M., & Mitsumoto, H. (2015) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2015.07.014 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationA Review of Clinical Trial Designs in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Moore, D. H., Katz, J., & Miller, R. G. (2011) · Neurodegenerative Disease Management · doi:10.2217/nmt.11.70 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuroprotective effects of lithium in neuropsychiatric disorders
Agam, G., & Levine, J. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814037-6.00006-9 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A retrospective review of lithium usage in veterans with multiple sclerosis
Rinker, J. R., Cossey, T. C., Cutter, G., & Culpepper, W. J. (2013) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2013.03.004 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
ALS Untangled No. 17: “When ALS Is Lyme”
The ALSUntangled Group (2012) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis · doi:10.3109/17482968.2012.717796 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Berres, M., Kukull, W. A., Miserez, A. R., Monsch, A. U., Monsell, S. E., & Spiegel, R. (2014) · The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.14283/jpad.2014.5 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Translational research on disease‐modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases
Katsuno, M., Watanabe, H., Tanaka, F., & Sobue, G. (2013) · Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1002/ncn3.7 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Historical controls in ALS trials
Donofrio, P. D., & Bedlack, R. (2011) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e31822cfcb6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Non-invasive ventilation and diaphragmatic pacing in ALS
Mitsumoto, H. (2015) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00185-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Lithium treatment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: do we have enough trials?
de Carvalho, M. A., & Pinto, S. (2011) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.11.164 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Preclinical testing of potential therapeutics for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Kaneb, H. (2012) · Spiral (Imperial College London) · doi:10.25560/9606 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Wei, Y., Wang, J., Ji, Y., Shang, T., Shen, Y., Sun, H., & Cai, Y. (2026) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s626069 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
El‐Mallakh, R. S., Roberts, R. J., & Gao, Y. (2014) · Side effects of drugs annual · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-62635-6.00003-6 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: clinical perspectives
Gibson, S. B., & Haringer, V. (2015) · Orphan Drugs Research and Reviews · doi:10.2147/odrr.s63585 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ilieva, H. S., & Maragakis, N. J. (2017) · Advances in neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57193-5_7 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Hamad, A. A., Attia, A. N., Al-dardery, N. M., Mohamed, S. F., & Meshref, M. M. (2023) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-023-06814-9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Democratization of Human Clinical Research: How Peer Production is Changing the Research ParadigmPreprint
DeMonaco, H. J., Rosenman, D. J., & von Hippel, E. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2997676 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Traces of disease in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Verstraete, E. (2012) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)
Tamura, R., Taguchi, R., Yamada, T., Wada, H., Ayaki, T., Takahashi, R., & Urushitani, M. (2025) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2025.578779
- Authors
- Miller, R. G., Moore, D. H., Forshew, D. A., Katz, J. S., Barohn, R. J., Valan, M., Bromberg, M. B., Goslin, K. L., Graves, M. C., McCluskey, L. F., McVey, A. L., Mozaffar, T., Florence, J. M., Pestronk, A., Ross, M., Simpson, E. P., Appel, S. H., & On behalf of the WALS Study Group
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2011-09-06
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 973-979
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- PMC
- PMC3171956
- OpenAlex
- W2052940055
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- ALS Association
- Amgen
- Pfizer
- Sanofi
- Muscular Dystrophy Association
- Gilead Sciences
- Celgene
- University of Pennsylvania
- University of Kansas
- CSL Behring
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
- Avanir Pharmaceuticals
- Cytokinetics
- Eisai
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000448, RR024992, UL1‐RR024992)
- Genentech
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation
- National Cancer Institute
- National Center for Research Resources (RR-024992, UL1RR024992)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Keywords
- lithium carbonate, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, disease progression, riluzole, drug screening, adverse events, forced vital capacity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Research Design, Lithium Carbonate, Disease Progression, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
