The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
GDF11 modulates NGN3+ islet progenitor cell number and promotes β-cell differentiation in pancreas development
Abstract
Identification of endogenous signals that regulate expansion and maturation of organ-specific progenitor cells is a major goal in studies of organ development. Here we provide evidence that growth differentiation factor 11(GDF11), a member of the TGF-β ligand family, governs the number and maturation of islet progenitor cells in mouse pancreas development. Gdf11 is expressed in embryonic pancreatic epithelium during formation of islet progenitor cells that express neurogenin 3. Mice deficient for Gdf11 harbor increased numbers of NGN3+ cells,revealing that GDF11 negatively regulates production of islet progenitor cells. Despite a marked expansion of these NGN3+ islet progenitors, mice lacking Gdf11 have reduced β-cell numbers and evidence of arrested β-cell development, indicating that GDF11 is also required for β-cell maturation. Similar precursor and islet cell phenotypes are observed in mice deficient for SMAD2, an intracellular signaling factor activated by TGF-β signals. Our data suggest that Gdf11 and Smad2 regulate islet cell differentiation in parallel to the Notch pathway, which previously has been shown to control development of NGN3+ cells. Thus, our studies reveal mechanisms by which GDF11 regulates the production and maturation of islet progenitor cells in pancreas development.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Adult pancreatic β-cells are formed by self-duplication rather than stem-cell differentiation
Dor, Y., Brown, J., Martinez, O. I., & Melton, D. A. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02520 · Cited by 2,219
Myostatin, a Negative Regulator of Muscle Growth, Functions by Inhibiting Myoblast Proliferation
Thomas, M., Langley, B., Berry, C., Sharma, M., Kirk, S., Bass, J., & Kambadur, R. (2000) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m004356200 · Cited by 1,014
McPherron, A. C., Lawler, A. M., & Lee, S.-J. (1999) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/10320 · Cited by 471
Activin receptor patterning of foregut organogenesis
Kim, S. K., Hebrok, M., Li, E., Oh, S. P., Schrewe, H., Harmon, E. B., Lee, J. S., & Melton, D. A. (2000) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.14.15.1866 · Cited by 212 · cited 12×
“To detect hybridization of digoxigenin-UTP (dig-UTP) labeled riboprobes to tissue sections, we used antibodies that detect dig-UTP and NBT/BCIP (blue) or INT/BCIP (rust brown, Roche, Indianapolis, IN) as previously described (Kim et al., 2000).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citation
Cited by
Loffredo, F. S., Steinhauser, M. L., Jay, S. M., Gannon, J., Pancoast, J. R., Yalamanchi, P., Sinha, M., Dall’Osso, C., Khong, D., Shadrach, J. L., et al. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.04.015 · Cited by 948
Bardeesy, N., Cheng, K.-H., Berger, J. H., Chu, G. C., Pahler, J., Olson, P., Hezel, A. F., Horner, J., Lauwers, G. Y., Hanahan, D., et al. (2006) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1478706 · Cited by 674
Regulation of muscle growth by multiple ligands signaling through activin type II receptors
Lee, S.-J., Reed, L. A., Davies, M. V., Girgenrath, S., Goad, M. E. P., Tomkinson, K. N., Wright, J. F., Barker, C., Ehrmantraut, G., Holmstrom, J., et al. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0505996102 · Cited by 501
Developmental biology of the pancreas: A comprehensive review
Gittes, G. K. (2009) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.10.024 · Cited by 451
Wnt signaling regulates pancreatic β cell proliferation
Rulifson, I. C., Karnik, S. K., Heiser, P. W., ten Berge, D., Chen, H., Gu, X., Taketo, M. M., Nusse, R., Hebrok, M., & Kim, S. K. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0701509104 · Cited by 342
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Harmon, E. B., Apelqvist, A. A., Smart, N. G., Gu, X., Osborne, D. H., & Kim, S. K.
- Venue
- Development
- Publisher
- The Company of Biologists
- Published
- 2004-12-15
- Volume
- 131
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 6163-6174
- ISSN
- 0950-1991 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-9129
- OpenAlex
- W2040567344
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 7.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: GDF11 modulates NGN3+ islet progenitor cell number and promotes β-cell differentiation in pancreas development. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1242/dev.01535
- The paper
- Harmon, E. B., Apelqvist, A. A., Smart, N. G., Gu, X., Osborne, D. H., & Kim, S. K. (2004). GDF11 modulates NGN3+ islet progenitor cell number and promotes β-cell differentiation in pancreas development. Development. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.01535
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.