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Cited by 43Marine Invertebrate Physiology and EcologyNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchIon channel regulation and function

Central Circuitry in the Jellyfish Aglantha Digitale: II. The Ring Giant and Carrier Systems

Mackie, G. O., Meech, R. W.·1995·Journal of Experimental Biology
DOI 10.1242/jeb.198.11.2271
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Abstract

1. The ring giant axon in the outer nerve ring of the jellyfish Aglantha digitale is a multinucleate syncytium 85 % of which is occupied by an electron-dense fluid-filled vacuole apparently in a Gibbs­Donnan equilibrium with the surrounding band of cytoplasmic cortex. Micropipette recordings show small (-15 to -25 mV) and large (-62 to -66 mV) resting potentials. Low values, obtained with a high proportion of the micropipette penetrations, are assumed to be from the central vacuole; high values from the cytoplasmic cortex. Background electrical activity includes rhythmic oscillations and synaptic potentials representing hair cell input caused by vibration. 2. After the ring giant axon has been cut, propagating action potentials evoked by stimulation are conducted past the cut and re-enter the axon on the far side. The system responsible (the carrier system) through-conducts at a velocity approximately 25 % of that of the ring giant axon and is probably composed of small neurones running in parallel with it. Numerous small neurones are seen by electron microscopy, some making one-way and some two-way synapses with the ring giant. 3. Despite their different conduction velocities, the two systems normally appear to fire in synchrony and at the velocity of the ring giant axon. We suggest that, once initiated, ring giant spikes propagate rapidly around the margin, firing the carrier neurones through serial synapses and giving them, in effect, the same high conduction velocity. Initiation of ring giant spikes can, however, require input from the carrier system. The spikes are frequently seen to be mounted on slow positive potentials representing summed carrier postsynaptic potentials. 4. The carrier system fires one-for-one with the giant axons of the tentacles and may mediate impulse traffic between the latter and the ring giant axon. We suggest that the carrier system may also provide the pathways from the ring giant to the motor giant axons used in escape swimming. 5. The findings show that the ring giant axon functions in close collaboration with the carrier system, increasing the latter's effective conduction velocity, and that interactions with other neuronal sub-systems are probably mediated exclusively by the carrier system.

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Crossref · 10.1242/jeb.198.11.2271

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  • The circuits mediating locomotion, feeding, and tentacle contractions in Aglantha are composed of at least 14 distinct neuron types with dedicated functions, including a relay, a carrier, and a pacemaker system.

    “The circuits mediating locomotion, feeding, and tentacle contractions in Aglantha are composed of at least 14 distinct neuron types with dedicated functions, including a relay, a carrier, and a pacemaker system [42,45,73,74].”

    From Back to the Basics: Cnidarians Start to Fire (2017) · cites this paper as [45]

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Authors
Mackie, G. O., & Meech, R. W.
Affiliations
  • University of Victoria (CA)
  • University Walk 2 Department of Physiology , , Bristol, UK
ORCID
Meech, R. W.
Venue
Journal of Experimental Biology
Publisher
The Company of Biologists
Published
1995-11-01
Volume
198
Issue
11
Pages
2271-2278
ISSN
  • 0022-0949 (ISSN-L)
  • 1477-9145
DOI
10.1242/jeb.198.11.2271
OpenAlex
W2221614717
Cited by
43
References
13
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2
FWCI
1.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ (vor)
Locations
  • Journal of Experimental Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
Keywords
Aglantha digitale, jellyfish, carrier systems, central nervous system, resting membrane potential, Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium, action potential propagation, synaptic transmission, escape swimming

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