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Cited by 42Marine Invertebrate Physiology and EcologyNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeurobiology and Insect Physiology Research

Central Circuitry in the Jellyfish Aglantha Digitale: III. the Rootlet and Pacemaker Systems

Mackie, G. O., Meech, R. W.·2000·Journal of Experimental Biology
DOI 10.1242/jeb.203.12.1797
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Abstract

Tactile stimulation of the subumbrella of Aglantha digitale was found to evoke an escape swimming response similar to that evoked by stimulation of the outer surfaces of the margin but that does not involve the ring giant axon. Evidence is presented that conduction around the margin takes place via an interconnected system of rootlet interneurones. Confocal microscopy of carboxyfluorescein-filled axons showed that the rootlet neurones run out from the bases of the motor giant axons within the inner nerve ring and come into close contact with those of the neighbouring motor giant axons on either side. Transmission between the rootlet neurones has the properties of chemical synaptic transmission. A distinct type of fast excitatory postsynaptic potential (rootlet PSP) was recorded in motor giant axons following stimulation of nearby axons in 3-5 mmol l(-)(1) Mn(2+), which lowered the PSP below spike threshold. Immune labelling with anti-syntaxin 1 showed structures tentatively identified as synapses in the inner nerve ring, including some on the rootlet neurones. Neuromuscular junctions were not labelled. A secondary consequence of stimulating motor giant axons was the triggering of events in the pacemaker system. Triggering was blocked in 105 mmol l(-)(1) Mg(2+), indicating a synaptic link. Activity in the pacemaker system led indirectly to tentacle contractions (as described in earlier papers in this series), but the contractions were not as sudden or as violent as those seen when escape swimming was mediated by the ring giant axon. Events triggered in the pacemaker system fed back into the motor giants, producing postsynaptic potentials that appeared as humps in the spike after-potential. The conduction velocity of events propagating in the relay system was increased when the rootlet pathway was simultaneously excited (piggyback effect). With the addition of the rootlet pathway, the number of identified systems concerned with locomotion, feeding and tentacle contractions comes to fourteen, and the list is probably nearly complete.

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  • The circuits mediating locomotion, feeding, and tentacle contractions in Aglantha are composed of at least 14 distinct neuron types with dedicated functions, including a relay, a carrier, and a pacemaker system.

    “The circuits mediating locomotion, feeding, and tentacle contractions in Aglantha are composed of at least 14 distinct neuron types with dedicated functions, including a relay, a carrier, and a pacemaker system [42,45,73,74].”

    From Back to the Basics: Cnidarians Start to Fire (2017) · cites this paper as [73]

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Authors
Mackie, G. O., & Meech, R. W.
Affiliations
  • University of Victoria (CA)
  • University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK 2 Department of Physiology ,
ORCID
Meech, R. W.
Venue
Journal of Experimental Biology
Publisher
The Company of Biologists
Published
2000-06-15
Volume
203
Issue
12
Pages
1797-1807
ISSN
  • 0022-0949 (ISSN-L)
  • 1477-9145
DOI
10.1242/jeb.203.12.1797
OpenAlex
W2107624839
Cited by
42
References
32
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 2
FWCI
1.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ (vor)
Locations
  • Journal of Experimental Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (publishedVersion)
  • Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
Keywords
Aglantha digitale, jellyfish, escape swimming, tactile stimulation, chemical synaptic transmission, syntaxin-1, excitatory postsynaptic potentials, conduction velocity, central nervous system
MeSH terms
Animals, Axons, Behavior, Animal, Fluoresceins, Fluorescent Dyes, Nervous System, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Touch, Scyphozoa

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