Periodization Strategies in Older Adults: Impact on Physical Function and Health
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PURPOSE: This study compared the effect of periodized versus nonperiodized (NP) resistance training (RT) on physical function and health outcomes in older adults. METHODS: Forty-one apparently healthy untrained older adults (women = 21, men = 20; 70.9 ± 5.1 yr; 166.3 ± 8.2 cm; 72.9 ± 13.4 kg) were recruited and randomly stratified to a NP, block periodized, or daily undulating periodized training group. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and after a 22-wk × 3 d·wk RT intervention, including; anthropometrics, body composition, blood pressure and biomarkers, maximal strength, functional capacity, balance confidence, and quality of life. RESULTS: Thirty-three subjects satisfied all study requirements and were included in analyses (women = 17, men = 16; 71.3 ± 5.4 yr; 166.3 ± 8.5 cm; 72.5 ± 13.7 kg). The main finding was that all three RT models produced significant improvements in several physical function and physiological health outcomes, including; systolic blood pressure, blood biomarkers, body composition, maximal strength, functional capacity and balance confidence, with no between-group differences. CONCLUSIONS: Periodized RT, specifically block periodization and daily undulating periodized, and NP RT are equally effective for promoting significant improvements in physical function and health outcomes among apparently healthy untrained older adults. Therefore, periodization strategies do not appear to be necessary during the initial stages of RT in this population. Practitioners should work toward increasing RT participation in the age via feasible and efficacious interventions targeting long-term adherence in minimally supervised settings.
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Periodized resistance training in older adults had equal efficacy for physical function and physiological outcomes compared with non-periodized resistance training.
“Periodized resistance training in older adults demonstrated equal efficacy in physical function and physiological outcomes when compared with non-periodized resistance training360.”
From Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: aetiology, epidemiology and treatment strategies (2018) · cites this paper as [360]
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von Stengel, S., Kohl, M., Jakob, F. J., Kerschan‐Schindl, K., Lange, U., Peters, S., Thomasius, F. E., Uder, M., Fröhlich, M., Schöne, D., et al. (2023) · Osteologie/Osteology · doi:10.1055/a-2070-7512 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Exercise Prescription for Power in Older Adults: A Case Study Approach
Mang, Z. A., & Fragala, M. S. (2025) · ACSMʼs Health & Fitness Journal · doi:10.1249/fit.0000000000001091 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Scofield, D. E., Williams, N. A., Massey, J., Chaidez, V., & Burnfield, J. M. (2026) · Strength and conditioning journal · doi:10.1519/ssc.0000000000000976
- Authors
- CONLON, J. A., NEWTON, R. U., TUFANO, J. J., BANYARD, H. G., HOPPER, A. J., RIDGE, A. J., & HAFF, G. G.
- Affiliations
- Edith Cowan University (AU)
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2426-2436
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2477430807
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 7.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- ro.ecu.edu.au
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Australasian Journal of Paramedicine (submittedVersion)
- Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Edith Cowan University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- resistance training, periodization, older adults, block periodization, undulating periodization, physical function, maximal strength, functional capacity, balance confidence, blood pressure, body composition, quality of life, training adherence
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Blood Pressure, Body Composition, Diet, Postural Balance, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Physical Fitness, Quality of Life, Time Factors, Biomarkers, Exercise, Muscle Strength, Resistance Training, Sarcopenia
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