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Cited by 33

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Low-Carbohydrate Training Increases Protein Requirements of Endurance Athletes

GILLEN, JENNA B., WEST, DANIEL W. D., WILLIAMSON, ERIC P., FUNG, HUGO J. W., MOORE, DANIEL R.·2019·Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
DOI 10.1249/mss.0000000000002036
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Abstract

Introduction: Training with low-carbohydrate (CHO) availability enhances markers of aerobic adaptation and has become popular to periodize throughout an endurance-training program. However, exercise-induced amino acid oxidation is increased with low muscle glycogen, which may limit substrate availability for postexercise protein synthesis. We aimed to determine the impact of training with low-CHO availability on estimates of dietary protein requirements. Methods: Eight endurance-trained males (27 ± 4 yr, 75 ± 10 kg, 67 ± 10 mL·kg body mass −1 ·min −1 ) completed two trials matched for energy and macronutrient composition but with differing CHO periodization. In the low-CHO availability trial (LOW), participants consumed 7.8 g CHO −1 ·kg −1 before evening high-intensity interval training (10 × 5 min at 10-km race pace, 1 min rest) and subsequently withheld CHO postexercise (0.2 g·kg −1 ). In the high-CHO availability trial (HIGH), participants consumed 3 g CHO·kg −1 during the day before high-intensity interval training, and consumed 5 g CHO·kg −1 that evening to promote muscle glycogen resynthesis. A 10-km run (~80% HRmax) was performed the following morning, fasted (LOW) or 1 h after consuming 1.2 g CHO·kg −1 (HIGH). Whole-body phenylalanine flux and oxidation were determined over 8 h of recovery via oral [ 13 C]phenylalanine ingestion, according to standard indicator amino acid oxidation methodology, while consuming sufficient energy, 7.8 g CHO·kg −1 ·d −1 , and suboptimal protein (0.93 g·kg −1 ·d −1 ). Results: Fat oxidation (indirect calorimetry) during the 10-km run was higher in LOW compared with HIGH (0.99 ± 0.35 g·min −1 vs 0.60 ± 0.26 g·min −1 , P < 0.05). phenylalanine flux during recovery was not different between trials ( P > 0.05) whereas phenylalanine oxidation (reciprocal of protein synthesis) was higher in LOW compared with HIGH (8.8 ± 2.7 μmol·kg −1 ·h −1 vs 7.9 ± 2.4 μmol·kg −1 ·h −1 , P < 0.05), suggesting a greater amino acid requirement to support rates of whole-body protein synthesis. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that performing endurance exercise with low-CHO availability increases protein requirements of endurance athletes.

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Metadata

Authors
GILLEN, J. B., WEST, D. W. D., WILLIAMSON, E. P., FUNG, H. J. W., & MOORE, D. R.
Venue
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2019-05-10
Volume
51
Issue
11
Pages
2294-2301
ISSN
  • 1530-0315
  • 0195-9131
DOI
10.1249/mss.0000000000002036
Cited by
33
References
16
Language
en

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GILLEN, J. B., WEST, D. W. D., WILLIAMSON, E. P., FUNG, H. J. W., & MOORE, D. R. (2019). Low-Carbohydrate Training Increases Protein Requirements of Endurance Athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000002036

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